Pemisahan Senyawa Aktif Fraksi Petroleum Eter dan Etil Asetat Hasil Hidrolisis Ekstrak Etanol Hydrilla verticillata dari Ranu Grati Pasuruan
Abstract
Hydrilla verticillata is one of water plants that has some bioactivities. The presence of secondary metabolites in H. verticillata is responsible for the bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine and separate bioactive compounds from fraction of petroleum ether (PE) and ethyl acetate (EA) as a result of hydrolysis of H. verticillata ethanol extract. H. verticillata was extracted by maceration method using ethanol solvent, hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and partitioned respectively with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. Crude ethanol extract, PE and EA fraction were identified their secondary metabolites. The phytochemical test results showed H. verticillata ethanol extract containing alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids. PE fraction contained steroids and terpenoids, while EA fraction contained flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. Analytical thin layer chromatography analysis showed n-hexane : ethyl acetate (4: 1) eluent as the best mobile phase for separating steroids. The preparative thin layer chromatography analysis of H. verticillata fraction using n-hexane : ethyl acetate (8: 2) as mobile phase resulted in 17 and 14 spots of PE and EA fractions, respectively.
Keywords: Hydrilla verticillata, thin layer chromatography, phytochemicals
Hydrilla verticillata merupakan salah satu tanaman air yang banyak memiliki bioaktivitas. Adanya metabolit sekunder pada H. verticillata yang bertanggung jawab terhadap bioaktivitas ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memisahkan senyawa aktif dari fraksi petroleum eter (PE) dan etil asetat (EA) hasil hidrolisis ekstrak etanol H. verticillata. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, dihidrolisis dengan asam klorida dan dipartisi masing-masing dengan petroleum eter dan etil asetat. Ekstrak kasar etanol, fraksi PE dan EA diuji kandungan metabolit sekundernya. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak etanolH. verticillata mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, triterpenoid, dan steroid. Fraksi PE mengandung steroid dan terpenoid, sedangkan fraksi EA mengandung flavonoid, steroid, dan triterpenoid. Hasil analisis KLTA menunjukkan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (4:1) sebagai fasa gerak terbaik untuk memisahkan steroid.Hasil analisis KLTP fraksi H. verticillatamenggunakan perbandingan fasa gerak n-heksana : etil asetat (8:2) menghasilkan spot fraksi PE dan EA berturut-turut sebanyak 17 dan 14 spot.
Kata Kunci: Hydrilla verticillata, kromatografi lapis tipis, uji fitokimia
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v6i2.7014
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