Analisis Kuat Tarik dan Elongasi Film Gelatin – Khitosan

Abstract

Gelatin and chitosan have been widely used in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, textiles, cosmetics, food processings, and others. Gelatin has different mechanical properties compared to chitosan, especially its tensile strength and elongation. In this study, gelatin (Ge) was obtained commercially, while chitosan (Ch) was obtained from the skin of windu shrimp via deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation of chitin into chitosan. The results of this study indicated that the degree of deacetylation of chitosan was 52.06%. Afterward, various films including Ge, Ch, Ge 4%-Ch 1.5%, Ge 4%-Ch 3%, Ge 4%-Ch 4% were prepared by the casting method. The film of Ge 4%-Ch 4% exhibited the best tensile strength and elongation with values of 0.6 MPa and 21.53%, respectively.

Gelatin dan kitosan merupakan biopolimer alam yang selama ini banyak digunakan di berbagai industri seperti farmasi, tekstil, kosmetik, pengolahan pangan dan lain sebagainya. Gelatin memiliki sifat mekanik yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan kitosan terutama kuat tarik dan elongasinya. Pada penelitian ini, gelatin (Ge) diperoleh secara komersial, sedangkan kitosan (Ch) diperoleh dari kulit udang windu melalui proses deproteinasi, demineralisasi, dan deasetilasi kitin menjadi kitosan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan derajat deasetilasi kitosan sebesar 52,06%.  Selanjutnya, dilakukan proses pembuatan film Ge, Ch, Ge 4%-Ch 1,5%; Ge 4%-Ch 3%, Ge 4%-Ch 4% dengan menggunakan metode casting. Film Ge 4%-Ch 4% memiliki kuat tarik dan elongasi yang paling baik yaitu 0,6 MPa dan 21,53%, berturut-turut.