REVITALISASI MAKNA GURU DARI AJARAN TASAWUF DALAM KERANGKA PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER

Irham Irham, Yudril Basith

Abstract


This article seeks to describe the meaning of teachers based on the teachings of Sufism that can be a reference to revitalize the important role of educators in order to build character. It uses the perspective of Sufism since this teaching focuses on pupil’s moral development both outwardly and inwardly. The purpose of this article is to adapt the meaning of teacher in islamic mysticism perspective into the meaning of teacher in general for character education. It employs literary study by referring to the thoughts of figures or scholars of islamic mysticism and supported by the theory outside the study of islamic mysticism, then formulated into a conceptual construct of this article. The conclusion shows that the teacher in Sufism with his qualifications has the task of educating pupil’s moral that is not limited in a certain space and time. Teacher builds closeness with the pupils from the inner and outer sides. They are treated like a teacher treating himself. Teacher in this sense is as role model, counselor, director, advisor, to shape pupil’s moral. This meaning can improve the weaknesses of the modern education theory, which generally interprets teacher as facilitator, mediator, or as teachers (transfer of knowledge/transfer of values), which has not touched on pupil’s inner side.


Keywords


character; education; sufism; teacher

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmadi, Abu, dan Nur Uhbuyati. 2007. Ilmu Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Asyari, Hasyim. n.d. Irshâd al-Sârî fî Jam'i Muṣannafât al-Shaykh Hâshim 'Ash'arî, ed. I. Hadziq. Jombang: al-Maktabah.

Banks, James A. 2008. An Introduction Multicultural Education. Boston: Pearson.

Bentonous, Khaled. 2003. Tasawuf sebagai Jantung Islam: Nilai-nilai Universalitas Tasawuf. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Sufi.

Burhani, Ahmad Najib. 2002. Tarekat Tanpa Tarekat. Jakarta: Serambi.

Chittick, William C. 2010. Kosmologi Islam dan Dunia Modern: Relevansi Ilmu-Ilmu Intelektualisme Islam. Jakarta Selatan: Mizan Publika.

DeTeso, Jefferey A. 2011. "Student-Teacher Relationships As Predictors of Reading Comprehension Gains in 2nd Grade." Ph.D Theses. Columbia University.

Didham, Robert J. (ed.). 2011. The Role of Governments in Education for Sustainable Consumption: Strengthening Capacity For Effective Implementation In China, Japan, And Republic Of Korea. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies.

Dinata, Yuan Martina. 2009. "Pendekatan Berbasis Tugas, Kepribadian Ekstrovat dan Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Arab." Tesis. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Eckert, Jonathan. 2011. "Teachers and Faith." The Phi Delta Kappan 93(4): 20–23.

Effendy, Chairil. 2014. "Peranan Sastra dan Bahasa Melayu Dalam Membangun Karakter Bangsa." Jentera: Jurnal Kajian Sastra 3(2): 126–34.

Fakhari, Jamal. 2011. "Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam: Gagasan Tranformatif Pemikiran Fazlur Rahman." Tesis. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Freire, Paulo. 2011. Education for Critical Consciniousness. New York: Continuumm.

Fuadi, Muhammad Robith. 2013. "Memahami Tasawuf Ibnuu Arabi dan Ibnuu al Farid: Konsep al Hubb Illahi, Wahdat al Wujud, Wahdah al Syuhud dan Wahdat al Adyan." Ulul Albab, 14(2): 1–14.

Garrett, Tracey. 2008. "Student-Centered and Teacher-Centered Classroom management: a Case Study of Three Elementary Teachers." Journal of Classroom Interaction, 43(1): 34–47.

al-Ghazâlî, Abû Ḥâmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. 2011. al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalâl wa Ma‘ahû Kimiau al-Sa‘âdat wa al-Qawâ‘id al-’Ashrat wa al-Adabî fî al-Dîn wa Risâlat Ayyuhâ al-Walad. Beirût: al-Maktabah al-‘Aṣriyyah.

Freeman, Greta Griffin. 2014. "The Implementation of Character Education and Children’s Literature to Teach Bullying Characteristic and Prefention Strategies To Preschool Children: An Action Research Project." Early Childhood Education Journal 42(5): 305–16.

Haeri, Syekh Fadhlalla. 2004. Bahagia Tanpa Jeda: mencerdaskan Jiwa Cara Sufi. Terj. Hasmiyah A. Rauf. Jakarta: Serambi.

Hakim, Andri. 2011. Hypnosis in Teaching: Cara Dahsyat Mendidik dan Mengajar. Jakarta: Visi Media.

Hamalik, Oemar. 2009. Psikologi Belajar & Mengajar. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algenssindo.

Henschke, John A. 2009. "Beginnings of the History and Philosophy of Andragogy 1833-2000." In Integrating Adult Learning and Technology for Effective Education: Strategic Approaches, ed. Victor X Wang. Hershey: IGI Global, 1-30.

Hidayat, Komaruddin. 2006. Psikologi Beragama: Menjadikan Hidup Lebih Nyaman dan Santun. Jakarta: Hikmah Populer.

Hidayatullah, Syarif. 2013. "Perspektif Filosofis Sir Muhammad Iqbal Tentang Pendidikan Islam." Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 2(2): 419–40.

Hollingsworth, Patricia, dan Gina Lewis. 2008. Pembelajaran Aktif: Meningkatkan Keasyikan Kegiatan di dalam Kelas. Terj. Dwi Wulandari. Jakarta: Indeks.

Irham, Irham. 2017. "Islamic Education at Multicultural Schools." Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 3(2): 141–54.

Jalaluddin. 2011. Psikologi Agama. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.

Jha, Ajeya, dan Indoo Singh. 2012. "Teacher Effectiveness in Relation to Emotional Intelligence Among Medical and Engineering Faculty Members." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 8(4): 667–85.

Jonassen, David H., dan Woei Hung. 2015. "All Problems Are Not Equal: Implications For Problem-Based Learning." In Essential Readings in Problem-Based Learning: Exploring and Extending the Legacy of Howard S. Barrows, eds. Andrew Walker, Heather Leary, Cindy Hmelo-Silver, dan Peggy A. Ertmer. Purdue University Press, 17–42.

Khan, Pir Vilayat Inayat. 2005. Membawa Surga Ke Bumi. Terj. Rahmani Astuti. Bandung: Pustaka Hidayah.

Lari, Mujtaba Musawi. 2001. Etika dan Pertumbuhan Spiritual. Terj. Muhammad Hasyim Assagaf. Jakarta: PT Lentera Basritama.

Lashway, Larry. 2009. "Creating A Learning Organization." Insania: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan 14(3): 580–87.

Lickona, Thomas. 1991. Education for Character Education: How our School Can Teach Respect and Responsibility. New York: Bantam.

Mahfud, Mahsun. 2009. "Paradigma Pendidikan Islam dan Keprofesionalan Guru dalam Menjawab Tantangan Global." Insania: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Pendidikan 14(1): 3–18.

Mahfudh, MA Sahal. 2007. Nuansa Fiqh Sosial. Yogyakarta: LKiS.

Mihardja, Achdiat K. 1986. Polemik Kebudayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.

Mujtahid. 2016. "Model Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Pendekatan Terintegrasi Dalam Perkuliahan Pada Jurusan PAI-FITK UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim." Jurnal Ulul Albab 17(2): 231–52.

Mulkan, Abdul Munir. 2000. “Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan Islam.” Dalam Antologi Studi Islam, eds. M. Amin Abdullah et al. Yogyakarta: Sunan Kalijaga Press.

Mulyati, Sri. 2005. Memahami dan Mengenal Tarekat Muktabarah di Indonesia. Jakarta: Prenada Media.

Patel, Nandish V. 2003. "A Holistic Approach to Learning and Teaching Interaction: Factors in the Development of Critical Learners." The International Journal of Educational Management 17(6): 272–84.

Rabbani, C. Wahid Bakhsh. 2004. Sufisme Islam. Terj. Burhan Wirasubrata. Jakarta: Sahara Publishers.

Rahman, Abd. 2010. "Paradigma Baru Pembelajaran PAI Telaah Keberhasilan Model DSL (Dakwah Sistem Langsung) di SMK Negeri 8 Jakarta." Tesis. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Reksiana. 2015. "Pengaruh Mikrosistem Pendidikan Terhadap Karakter Remaja (Studi Kasus di SMP Islam Al-Kasyi’un Ciputat)." Tesis. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Rifai, Nurlena, Fauzan, Wahdi Sayuti, dan Bahrissalim. 2014. "Integrasi Keilmuan dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum di UIN Se-Indonesia: Evaluasi Penerapan Integrasi Keilmuan UIN dalam Kurikulum dan Proses Pembelajaran." Tarbiya: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 1(1): 13–33.

Rizali, Ahmad, Indra Djati Sidi, dan Satria Dharma. 2008. Dari Guru Konvensional Menuju Guru Professional. Jakarta: Grasindo.

Rubaidi. 2015. "Reorientasi Ideologi Urban Sufism di Indonesia Terhadap Relasi Guru dan Murid Dalam Tradisi Generik Sufism Pada Majelis Shalawat Muhammad di Surabaya." Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam 5(2): 294–320.

Schunk, Dale H. 2012. Learning Theorises an educational Perseptive (sixth). Boston: Pearson.

Sholehudin, L. 2016. "Pembentukan Akhlak Mulia Melalui Pendidikan Afektif (Studi Kasus Pada Pendidikan Tingkat Dasar di Lampung)." Disertasi. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Siradj, Said Aqil. 2012. Tasawuf Sebagai Kritik Sosial Mengedepankan Islam Sebagai Inspirasi, Bukan Aspirasi. Jakarta Selatan: SAS Foundation.

Siregar, Rivay. 2002. Tasawuf dari Sufisme Klasik ke Neo-Sufisme. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.

Spence, Sheila. 2012. "Student to Teacher." Meta: Research in Hermeneutics, Phenomenology, and Practical Philosophy 4(1): 37–55.

Subhi, Ahmad Mahmud. 1992. Filsafat Etika. Jakarta: Serambi Ilmu Semesta.

Suhadi, Mohamad Yusuf, Marthen Tahun, Budi Asyhari, dan Sudarto. 2015. The Politics of Religious Education The 2013

Curriculum, and The Public Space of The School. Yogyakarta: CRCS UGM.

Supriadi, Dedi. 2005. Membangun Bangsa Melalui Pendidikan. Bandung: Rosda Karya.

Surya, Mohamad. 2002. Bunga Rampai Guru dan Pendidikan. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.

Suwendi. 2008. "Islamisasi Ilmu: Studi atas Konsep dan Praktek Syed Naquib Al-Attas." Tesis. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Suyadi, HM. 2012. "Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Melalui Metode Kooperatif Model Learning Together Pada Siswa Kelas VIIf SSP Negeri 21 Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012." Media Penelitian Pendidikan 6(2): 110–19.

Syalhub, Fuad Asy. 2006. Guruku Muhammad SAW. Terj. Nashirul Haq. Jakarta: Gema Insani.

al-Sharqâwî, ‘Abd Allâh. n.d. Sharaḥ Ḥikam Ibn ‘Aṭâ’ Allâh al-Sakandarî. Tuban: Maktabah al-Balâgh.

Tan, Oong-Seng. 2012. "Singapore’s Holistic Approach to Teacher Development." The Phi Delta Kappan 94(3): 76–77.

Weissglass, Julian. 2012. "Listen First, Then Teach." The Phi Delta Kappan 93(6): 29-33.

Yasin ibn Asymuni. n.d. Asas al-Ṭarîqah fî Bayân al-Mujâhadah wa al-Tawakkal wa Ḥusn al-Khuluq wa al-Shukr wa al-Ṣabr wa al-Riḍâ wa al-Ṣidq. Kediri: Ma‘had al-Islâmî al-Salafî Hidâyat al-Ṭalab.

Zuchdi, D. 2009. Humanisasi Pendidikan: Menemukan Kembali Pendidikan yang Manusiawi. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v19i1.4901

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 Tools:
 
 
 Indexed by:
 
 

All publication by Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)

Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam, P-ISSN : 1858-4349, E-ISSN : 2442-5249