DESIGN OF A SIMPLE MUFFLE FURNACE FOR TEMPERATURE OPTIMIZATION IN ASH CONTENT ANALYSIS

Farid R. Abadi

Abstract


Analysis of the ash content in biomass conducted through the incineration process in the muffle furnace at a given temperature of 575+25oC. The result depends on the accuracy level on the temperature sensor in the muffle furnace. It was attempted to achieve the optimum temperature and to detect the muffle furnace temperature by installing the thermocouple sensor type K directly  the porcelain sample plate. It yielded that by direct incineration process and gradual process the setup point reached in 60-90 minutes and 150-180 minutes before attaining the steady temperature, respectively. The temperature distributed uniformly for all treatments at + 6.61 oC. The temperature measurement accuracy was + 1.18%, and the overall temperature gradient was + 28.69 oC. Moreover, there was no difference in the temperature fluctuation among the treatments at the temperature of  + 20.95 oC. The optimum temperature of the chamber was  588 oC for analyzing ash content of biomass.


Keywords


Thermocouple Sensor; The Incineration Process; Ash Content Analysis; Biomass

Full Text:

PDF

References


Zhang, H.; Pu, W. X.; Ha, S.; Li, Y.; and Sun, M., 2009. The influence of included minerals on the intrinsic reactivity of chars prepared at 900 oC in a drop tube furnace and a muffle furnace. Fuel, 2009; (88): 2303–2310.

Gao, Q.; Liu, H.; Cheng, C.; Li, K.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, C.; and Li, Y., 2013. Preparation and characterization of acticvated carbon from wool waste and the comparison of muffle furnace and microwave heating methods. Powder Technology, 2013; (249): 234–240.

Harris, G.K.; and Marshall, M.R. Ash Analysis in Nielsen, S.S., Food Analysis, Food Science Text Series (p:287-297). Springer Science + Business Media. 2017.

AOAC International. Official methods of analysis, 20th edn. (On-line). AOAC International, Rockville, MD. 2016.

Sluiter A.; Hames, B.; Ruiz, R.; Scarlata, C.; Sluiter, J. and Templeton, D. Determination of ash in Biomass. Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP). National Renewable Energy laboratory. 2008.

Jones, W. R., and Fradette, R.J. Optimizing Procedures For Temperature Uniformity Surveying of Vacuum Furnaces, Vacuum furnace reference series No. 2. Solar Atmospheres, Inc & Solar Manufacturing, Inc. 2011.

Abdelaziz, Y.A. Guidelines for assessment of temperature uniformity and investigation of the measurements uncertainty within laboratory oven. XVII IMEKO World Congress, Metrology in the 3rd Millenium. Dubrovnik, Croatia. 2003.

Marshall, M.R. Ash Analysis in Nielsen, S.S., Food Analysis, Food Science Text Series (p:105-115). Springer Science + Business Media. 2010.

(WHO) World Health Organization. Calibration of temperature control and monitoring devices. Technical supplement to WHO technical report series, No. 961. 2014.

Anonymous. Temperature uniformity and system accuracy. 2017. Available from: www.nabertherm.com.

Omni Instruments. DT80, DT81, DT 85 Users Manual. Omni Instruments. Australia/Asia Pasific. 2007.

(ILETRI) Indonesian Legume and Tuber crops Reseacrh Institute. Calibration certificate of a Furnace (Nabertherm/ D-2804). Institute of Device Quality Certification Testing, Ministry of Trade and Industry. Surabaya. 2016.

(ILETRI) Indonesian Legume and Tuber crops Reseacrh Institute. Nabertherm Muffle Furnace Work Instructions. Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI). Malang. 2009.

Abadi, F.R. and Tastra, I.K.. Data Logger’s Performance Of “datataker DT80” Using Two Kinds of Type K Thermocouple in Thermal Characteristic Measurement of Agricultural Material. National Seminar on Legume and Tuber Crops, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI). 2017. in press.

Brand, L. and Rose, W. Measure Guideline: High Efficiency Natural Gas Furnaces. Energy Efficiency and renewable Energy. United States Department of Energy. 2012.

Singh, R.P. and Heldman. Food and Science Technology (5th Edition). Academic Press. 2014.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/neu.v10i2.4559

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Farid R. Abadi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 


Published By:
Program Studi Fisika Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia
B.J. Habibie 2nd Floor
Jl. Gajayana No.50 Malang 65144
Telp./Fax.: (0341) 558933
Email: neutrino@uin-malang.ac.id

 

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License 

View My Stats