Supplier Quality Risk Evaluation of Automotive Component Suppliers in PT.X Using FMEA

Tessa Zulenia Fitri, Rama Dani Eka Putra, Nia Arfina Foci, Muhammad Arif Munanda, Muhamad Yasin

Abstract


Supplier quality management is essential in the automotive industry because supplier-related failures can disrupt production processes, increase operational costs, and reduce customer satisfaction. This study aims to identify and evaluate supplier quality risks of automotive component suppliers in PT.X using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed by collecting primary data through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and expert assessments involving quality control managers, supplier quality engineers, procurement staff, and production supervisors. Secondary data were obtained from supplier quality reports, defect records, audit documents, and corrective action reports. The identified failure modes included defective automotive components, inconsistent material specifications, delayed supplier corrective actions, poor packaging quality, and inadequate supplier inspection systems. Risk evaluation was conducted using Severity (S), Occurrence (O), and Detection (D) scores to calculate the Risk Priority Number (RPN). The results showed that defective automotive components had the highest RPN value of 432, indicating the most critical supplier quality risk affecting production continuity and operational efficiency. Inadequate supplier inspection systems and inconsistent material specifications also showed high RPN values of 336 and 280, respectively. The study concludes that the FMEA method effectively supports systematic identification, evaluation, and prioritization of supplier quality risks. Several improvement strategies are recommended, including strengthening supplier quality audits, improving incoming inspection systems, enhancing supplier training, and implementing continuous supplier performance evaluations to reduce supply chain risks and improve operational performance in the automotive industry.


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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jomi.v1i2.42987

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