IMPLEMENTASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN DANA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PERILAKU KEAGAMAAN MUSTAHIK (STUDI DI BAITUL MAAL AL-AMIN KEDUNGKANDANG, KOTA MALANG)

Abstract

The principle of zakah is one of the mechanisms of poverty alleviation in Islamic religion. But, until now zakah implementation target, in this case is productive zakah, in our society is just about economic prosperity, not more. In fact, zakah not only has a social impact, but also a spiritual impact, both for muzzaki and muztahik.  The economic prosperity, in the reality, is closer to the social dimension than the spiritual dimension. Therefore, this research tries to reveal further the spiritual impact of zakah, especially for the mustahik in terms of changing behavior of religious life. This research was conducted to utilize the productive zakah funds of Baitul Mal (BM) Al-Amin Kedungkandang, Kedungkandang, Malang. The research problems are how the role of BM Al - Amin in distributing the productive zakahfunds in Kedungkandangvillage is; how the implementation pattern of distributing the productive zakah funds that have been done by BM Al – Amin is; how the impact of distributing the productive zakah funds to change mustahik religious behavior in Kedungkandangvillage is. This research is a qualitative research, which relies on field resources that are elaborated on existing theories. Using the theory of social construction, this research conclusions are: (1) BM Al-Amin has the important role for distributing productive zakah in Kedungkandang village, where BM Al-Amin becomes the assistance of Baznas Malang. The roles held by BM Al-Amin in distributing the productive zakahfunds are: managing zakah; distributing and utilizing zakah; and socializing zakah, wakaf, alms and others. (2) the implementation pattern of productive zakah funds by BM Al-Amin is the financing of qardulhasan (loan of goodness), which has been formed in several concrete steps such as increasing the economy by giving skills and certain skill for working capital; increasing the economy by giving venture capital, and (3) increasing the economy by providing job vacancies. (4) Social support in the form of economic welfare for mustahikactually does not have an impact on their religious improvement or religious behavior. However, especially for BM Al-Amin, the committees always carry out an assistance, not only on economic field but also on religious behavior, so that the effect of productivezakah on religious behavior change is apparent in most mustahik of BM Al-Amin.