THE UNDERSTANDING OF ḤUDÛD ALLÂH IN THE QURAN: Study of Thematic-Contextual Interpretation

Bakrei Mohammed Bakheet Ahmed

Abstract


The term ḥudûd Allâh is one of those written in al-Quran al-Karim used for clarifying the laws. However, some people do not quite comprehend this term that their understanding is only limited to the law related to criminal (penalty), meanwhile Quran does not limit the term only for penalty. Therefore, the author chose the title to explain the ḥudûd Allâh term mentioned in Quran and its meanings in some parts using empirical and inductive methods in quoting opinions of mufassir both in the classic and contemporary generations. In this article, the author divides it into four discussions related to the theme in the verses. The crucial conclusion of this article is that the ḥudûd Allâh term in Quran never refers to criminal law such as the penalty for adultery, liquor, and the like. On the other hand, the term is to explain the laws of family matters, ahwal shahsiyah e.g. divorce, iddah (waiting period), filing divorce from the wife side, inheritance distribution, and general meaning on Allah’s orders and prohibitions.


Keywords


ḥudûd Allâh; human understanding; rules

Full Text:

PDF (ARABIC)

References


‘Abd al-Ghaffâr. n.d. “Muhimmât fî Aḥkâm al-Mawârîth – Faḍl ‘Ilm al-Mawârîth.” https://audio.islamweb.net/audio/index.php?page=FullContent&audioid=179094&page=FullContent&audioid=179094 (June 23, 2020)

Abdulla, Dhahir M. 2019. “A Window on The Aplication of Islamic Law.” Ahl Al-Bayt Jurnal 1(23): 567–82.

al-Asfahânî, al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al-Râghib. 1420 H. Tafsîr al-Râghib al-Asfahânî. Tanta: Kulliyat al-Adab Jami‘at Tanta.

al-Ba‘lî, Muḥammad ibn Abî al-Fatḥ ibn Abî al-Faḍl. 1981. al-Muṭli‘ ‘alâ Abwâb al-Fiqh. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islâmî.

al-Bayḍâwî, ‘Abd Allâh ibn ‘Umar. 1418 H. Anwâr al-Tanzîl wa Asrâr al-Ta’wîl. Beirut: Dâr Iḥyâ’ al-Turâth al-‘Arabî.

al-Bukhârî, Muḥammad ibn Ismâ‘îl. 1422 H. Ṣaḥîḥ al-Bukhârî. Beirut: Dâr Ṭûq al-Najâh.

al-Dârquṭnî, Abû al-Ḥasan ‘Alî ibn ‘Umar. 1424 H. Sunan al-Dârquṭnî. Beirut: Mu’assat al-Risâlah.

al-Farâhîdî, al-Khalîl ibn Aḥmad. n.d. al-‘Ayn. Beirut: Dâr wa Maktabat al-Hilâl.

al-Fayrûzâbâdî, Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qûb ibn Muḥammad ibn Ibrâhîm al-Shayrâzî. 1996. Baṣâir Dhawî al-Tamyîz fî Laṭâif al-Kitâb al-‘Azîz. Cairo: Lajnat Iḥyâ’ al-Turâth al-Islâmî.

al-Ḥanbali, ‘Umar ibn ‘Alî ibn ‘Âdil. 1418 H. al-Lubâb fî ‘Ulûm al-Kitâb. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

al-Hararî, Muḥammad al-Amîn. 1421 H. Ḥadâ’iq al-Rûḥ wa al-Rayḥân. Beirut: Dâr Ṭûq al-Najâh.

al-Harawî, ‘Alî ibn Sulṭân Muḥammad Abû al-Ḥasan Nûr al-Dîn. 1422 H. Mirqât al-Mafâtiḥ Sharḥ Mishkât al-Maṣâbiḥ. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr.

Ibn ‘Ajîbah, Abû al-‘Abbâs Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad. 1419 H. al-Baḥr al-Murîd fî Tafsîr al-Qur’ân al-Majîd, ed. Aḥmad ‘Abd Allâh al-Qurashî Ruslân. Cairo: al-Nâshir Ḥasan ‘Abbâs Zakî.

Ibn al-Athîr, al-Mubârak ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Jazarî. 1399 H. al-Nihâyat fî Gharîb al-Ḥadîth wa al-Athar. Beirut: al-Maktabat al-‘Ilmiyah.

Ibn al-Jawzî, Abû al-Faraj ‘Abd al-Raḥmân ibn Abî al-Ḥasan ‘Alî ibn Muḥammad. 1422 H. Zâd al-Masîr fî ‘Ilm al-Tafsîr. Beirut: Dâr al-Kitâb al-‘Arabî.

Ibn al-Jazî, Abû al-Qâsim Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Kalabî. 1416 H. al-Tashîl li ‘Ulûm al-Tanzîl. Beirut: Shirkat Dâr al-Arqam ibn Abî al-Arqam.

Ibn Durayd, Abû Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Azdî. 1987. Jamharat al-Lughah. Beirut: Dâr al-‘Ilm al-Malâyîn.

Ibn Fâris, Muḥammad ibn Fâris al-Qazwaynî. 1399 H. Mu‘jam Maqâyis al-Lughah. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr.

Ibn Manẓûr, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram. 1414 H. Lisân al-‘Arab. Beirut: Dâr Ṣâdir.

Ismail, Wan Nor Hana Wan et al. 2020. “Hudud: The Right of Allah SWT in Perspective of Punishment for Adultery.” Journal of Critical Reviews 7(8): 789–92. DOI: 10.31838/jcr.07.08.169

al-Jawharî, Ismâ‘îl ibn Ḥammâd. 1407 H. al-Ṣiḥâḥ Tâj al-Lughah wa Ṣiḥâḥ al-‘Arabiyah. Beirut: Dâr al-‘Ilm al-Malâyîn.

al-Jawziyah, Muḥammad ibn Abî Bakr Ibn al-Qayyim. 1410 H. al-Tafsîr al-Qayyim. Beirut: Dâr wa Maktabat al-Hilâl.

al-Juwaynî, ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Yûsuf ibn Muḥammad. 1428 H. Nihâyat al-Maṭlab fî Dirâsat al-Madhhab, ed. ‘Abd al-Aẓîm Maḥmûd al-Dîn. Jaddah: Dâr al-Minhâj.

al-Khaṭîb, ‘Abd al-Karîm. n.d. al-Tafsîr al-Qur’ânî li al-Qur’ân. Cairo: Dâr al-Fikr al-‘Arabî.

Makkî ibn Abî Ṭâlib, Abû Muḥammad Ḥamûs ibn Muḥammad ibn Mukhtâr al-Qaysî al-Qayruwânî. 1429 H. al-Hidâyat ilâ Bulûgh al-Nihâyah. Sharjah UEA: Majmû‘ât Buḥûth al-Kitâb wa al-Sunnah.

Muslim, Musṭafâ et al. 1431 H. al-Tafsîr al-Mawḍû‘î li Suwar al-Qur’ân al-Karîm. Sharjah UEA: al-Dirâsat al-‘Ulyâ Jâmi‘at Shârqah.

al-Marâghî, Aḥmad ibn Muṣṭafâ. 1365 H. Tafsîr al-Marâghî. Egypt: Shirkat Maktabat wa Maṭba‘ih Musṭafâ al-Bâbî al-Ḥalabî wa Awlâdihî.

al-Mâwardî, Abû al-Ḥasan ‘Alî ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabîb al-Baṣrî. n.d. Tafsîr al-Mâwardî. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

al-Mâwardî, Abû al-Ḥasan ‘Alî ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabîb al-Baṣrî. 1999. al-Ḥâwî al-Kabîr. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

al-Mundhirî, Abû Muḥammad Zakî al-Dîn ‘Abd al-‘Aẓîm ibn ‘Abd al-Qawî ibn ‘Abd Allâh. 1388 H. al-Tarhîb wa al-Targhîb min al-Ḥadîth al-Sharîf. Egypt: Maktabat Musṭafâ al-Bâbî al-Ḥalabî.

Okon, Etim E. 2014. “Hudud Punishment in Islamic Criminal Law.” European Scientific Journal 10(14): 227–38.

al-Qurashî, Ismâ‘îl ibn ‘Umar. 1420 H. Tafsîr al-Qur’ân al-Aẓîm. Beirut: Dâr al-Ṭîbat li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzî‘.

al-Qurṭubî, Abû ‘Abd Allâh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. 1384 H. al-Jâmi‘ li Aḥkâm al-Qur’ân. Cairo: Dâr al-Kutub al-Miṣriyah.

al-Râzî, Muḥammad ibn ‘Umar Fakhr al-Dîn. 1420 H. Mafâtiḥ al-Ghayb. Beirut: Dâr Iḥyâ’ al-Turâth al-‘Arabî.

al-Ṣâbûnî, Muḥammad ‘Alî. 1400 H. Rawâ’i‘ al-Bayân fî Tafsîr Ayât al-Aḥkâm. Damascus: Maktabat al-‘Azâlî Mu’assasat Manâhil al-‘Irfân.

al-Ṣâbûnî, Muḥammad ‘Alî. 1417 H. Ṣafwat al-Tafâsir. Cairo: Dâr al-Ṣâbûnî li al-Ṭibâ‘at wa al-Tawzî‘.

al-Ṣâwî, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad. 1372 H. Balghah al-Sâlik li Aqrab al-Masâlik. al-Ḥalabî: Maktabat Musṭafâ al-Bâbî al-Ḥalabî.

al-Sa‘dî, ‘Abd al-Raḥmân. 1420 H. Taysîr al-Karîm al-Raḥmân. Beirut: Mu’assat al-Risâlah.

al-Samarqandî, Abû al-Layth Naṣr ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ibrâhîm. n.d. Baḥr al-‘Ulûm (Tafsîr al-Samarqandî). Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

al-Sarakhsî, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abî Sahl Shams al-A’immah. 1993. al-Mabsûṭ. Beirut: Dâr al-Ma‘rifah.

al-Shawkânî, Muḥammad ibn ‘Alî ibn Muḥammad. 1414 H. Fatḥ al-Qadîr. Dâr al-Kalim al-Ṭayyib.

al-Suyûṭî, ‘Abd al-Raḥmân. 1418 H. al-Muzhir fî ‘Ulûm al-Lughah wa Anwâ‘ihâ. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

al-Ṭabarî, Muḥammad ibn Jarîr. 1420 H. Jâmi‘ al-Bayân ‘an Ta’wîl al-Qur’ân. Beirut: Mu’assat al-Risâlah.

Umam, Fawaizul. 2019. “Ideological Involution of The Islamists.” Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam 20(1): 25–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v20i1.5714

al-Wâḥidî, Abû al-Ḥasan ‘Alî ibn Aḥmad ibn ‘Alî. 1430 H. al-Tafsîr al-Basîṭ. Saudi Arabia: ‘Imârat al-Baḥth al-‘Ilmî bi Jâmi‘at Muḥammad ibn Su‘ûd al-Islâmiyah.

al-Zuḥaylî, Wahbah. n.d. Fiqh al-Islâm wa Adillatuhû. Damascus: Dâr al-Fikr.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v21i2.10196

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 Tools:
 
 
 Indexed by:
 
 

All publication by Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)

Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam, P-ISSN : 1858-4349, E-ISSN : 2442-5249