ZAGHLÛL RÂGHIB MUḤAMMAD AL-NAJJÂR’S METHODS AND PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC EXEGESIS: A Review of Tafsîr al-Âyât al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm

Umaiyatus Syarifah; Siti Fahimah

doi:10.18860/ua.v21i2.10227

ZAGHLÛL RÂGHIB MUḤAMMAD AL-NAJJÂR’S METHODS AND PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC EXEGESIS: A Review of Tafsîr al-Âyât al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm

Umaiyatus Syarifah, Siti Fahimah

Abstract

Scientific exegesis is one of the new trends in interpreting the Quran that will continue to be in demand. There are many discussions of science and Quran integration, and the rise of various works of scientific interpretation among scholars and scientists has become the real proof of it. However, some Muslim communities still doubt the validity of scientific interpretations. One of the reasons is because the source of the interpretation is relative and temporal. This evidence, of course, cannot be compared with the Quran, which is absolute. Therefore, a regulation is needed in the application of scientific interpretation. This study aims to examine and explore the methods and principles of the scientific interpretation of the Quran conducted by Zaghlûl Râghib al-Najjâr, in terms of their strengths, shortcomings, and relevance in the interpretation of the Quran. This research is considered qualitative research utilizing library research by analyzing some literatures such as books and journal articles. The results of this research show that the Zaghlûl as a Geologist, who is quite productive with the authority of science he has, does not only interpret Quran scientifically but also explains the procedure of interpretation through methods and principles of interpretation similar to scholars of tafsîr in general. In fact, he may be even be considered more specific and ideal compared to others because he not only complements but also enhances the guidelines and principles of the scientific exegesis that have been used before.

Keywords

methods and principles; scientific exegesis; Zaghlûl Râghib al-Najjâr

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdullah, Amin. 2000. Kajian Ilmu Kalam di IAIN: Menyongsong Perguliran Pemikiran Paradigma Keilmuan Pada Era Milenium Ketiga. No. 65/VI. UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta.

Abohashem, Ameen. 2012. “Al-Duktûr Zaghlûl al-Najjâr Yarwî Qiṣṣah Ḥayâtih.” Mp4. Tajrîbî. Mecca: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDpt93xn7jE.

Ali, Amer Zulfiqar. 2018. “A Brief Review of Classical and Modern Tafsir Trends and the Role of Modern Tafasir in Contemporary Islamic Thought.” Australian Journal of Islamic Studies 3(2): 39–52.

Ali, Mohammad, Rezai Esfahani, Mehi Bakouei, and Nematollah Jafari. 2017. “Scientific Approach in the Interpretation of the Koran Based on the Requirements of the Time, Relying on Mainstreaming.” Journal of Novel Applied Sciences 6(4): 102–12.

Amir, Selamat, and Zulkifli Mohd Yusoff. 2017. “The Cintemporary Scientiific Interpretation of Al-Qur’an: A Review on Al-Sha’rawi’s Method in Tafsir.” Quranika: International Journal of Quranic Research 9(1): 156–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/quranica.vol9no1.3

Amir, Selamat, Monika, Mohd Yakub, and Zulkifli Yusoff. 2016. “Epistemology of Scientific Interpretation of the Qur’an: A Study on Zaghlûl al-Najjar’s Approach in Interpretation al-Kawniyyat Verses.” Jurnal Perspektif 7(2): 59–60.

Amir, Selamat, Moh Murshidi Noor, and Ahmad Bazli Hilmi. 2012. “Scientific Assimilation in the Interpretation of the Qur’an: An Approach to Zaghlûl’s Work Entitled "Tafsîr al-Âyah al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur'ân al-Karîm.” Al-Bayân Journal 10(2): 46–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11136/jqh.1210.02.04

‘Ammâr, Aḥmad Mukhtâr. 2008. Mu‘jâm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah al-Mu‘âṣarah. Cairo: ‘Alam al-Kutub.

al-Asfahâni, al-Râghib. 2009. Mufradât Alfâẓ al-Qur'ân. Damascus: Dâr al-Qalam.

Awang, Ramli, Kamaruzzaman Yusoff, Badlihisham Mohd Nasir, and Mohd Nasir Ripin. 2014. “The Impact of Separation Between Science and Religion: An Observation.” The Social Science 9(1): 37–41.

Besancon, Robert M. 1990. The Encyclopedia of Physics. New York: Springer Science and Business Media.

Bigliardi, Stefano. 2014. “The Contemporary Debate on the Harmony between Islam and Science: Emergence and Challenges of a New Generation.” Social Epistemology 28(2): 167–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2013.782583

Companini, Massimo. 2005. “Quran and Science: A Hermeneutical Approach.” Jurnal of Quranic Studies 7(1): 48–63.

Çoruh, Hakan. 2020. “Relationship Between Religion and Science in the Muslim Modernism.” Theology and Science 18(1): 152–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2019.1710355

al-Dhahabî, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. 1959. al-Tafsîr wa al-Mufassirûn. Cairo: Maktabat Wahbah.

Essack, Farid. 2000. Membebaskan yang Tertindas: al-Qur'an Liberalisme, Pluralisme. Trans. Watung A. Budiman. Bandung: Mizan.

Hakim, Rahman. 2019. “Tafsir Salman dalam Perspektif Metodologi Tafsir Ilmi Ahmad al-Fadil.” Ph.D Theses. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Ḥamîd, Muḥsin ‘Abd. 1984. Dirâsât fî Tafsîr al-Qur'ân. Egypt: Dâr al-Thaqâfah.

Ichwan, Muhammad Noer. 2004. Tafsir Ilmi: Memahami al-Quran Melalui Pendekatan Modern. Yogyakarta: Menara Kudus.

Indonesia Ministry of Religious Affairs. 2012. Tafsir Ilmi: Manfaat Benda-Benda Langit Dalam Perspektif al-Quran dan Sains. Jakarta: Lajnah Pentashih Mushaf al-Quran.

Iqbal, Muzaffar. 2018. Islam and Science. New York: Revivals Routledge.

Jansen, J.J.G. 1997. The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt (Diskursus Tafsir al-Quran Modern). Trans. Hairussalim and Syarif Hidayatullah. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.

Jawharî, Ṭanṭâwî. 1922. Al-Jawâhir fî Tafsîr al-Qur'ân. Egypt: Muṣṭafâ al-Bâbî al-Ḥalabî.

al-Khâlidî, Ṣalâḥ ‘Abd Fattâḥ. 2008. Ta‘rîf al-Dârisîn bi Manâhij al-Mufassirîn. Damascus: Dâr al-Qalam.

Khir, Bustami Muhammed. 2000. “The Qur’an and Science: The Debate on The Validity of Scientific Interpretation.” Journal of Qur'anic Studies 2(2): 19–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2000.2.2.19

Luthfi. 2013. Epistemologi Tafsir Sains Zaghlûl Al-Najjar. Magelang: PKBM Ngudi Ilmu.

M Yusuf, A., and M.A Hatim. 2007. Ensiklopedia Metodologi Al-Quran. Jakarta: PT Kalam Publika.

Mir, Mustansir. 2004. “Scientific Exegesis of The Qur’an—A Viable Project?” Journal Islam and Science 2(1): 33–42.

Mohd, Nor Syamimi, Haziyah Husin, and Wan Nashruddin Wan Abdulah. 2014. “Scientific Exegesis in Malay Quranic Commentary.” Asian Social Science 10(10): 236–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n10p236

Mohd, Nor Syamimi, Haziyah Husin, and Wan Nashruddin Wan Abdulah. 2016. “Re Definition of Term Al-Tafsîr al-‘ilmî: Scientific Exegesis of al-Quran.” Jurnal Islamiyyat 38(2): 149–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2016-3802-07

Muchlisin, Annas Rolli, and Khairun Nisa. 2017. “Geliat Tafsir Ilmi di Indonesia dari Tafsir Al-Nur hingga Tafsir Salman.” Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities 2(2): 239–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18326/mlt.v2i2.239-257

Mufid, Fathul. 2014. “Islamic Sciences Integration.” QIJIS 2(2): 145–60. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v2i2.1565

Mustaqim, Abdul. 2010. Epistemologi Tafsir Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: LKiS.

Mutalib, Lukman Abdul et al. 2019. “Scientific Exegesis of Al-Quran and Its Relevance in Dealing with Contemporary Issues: An Appraisal on the Book of al-Jawahir fi Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim.” International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8(2 Special Issue 11): 575–81.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 1986. “The Limitation of Science and The Teachings of Science from The Islamic Perspective.” American Journal of Islamic Social Science 3(1): 59–73.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2005. Min Âyât al-I‘jâz al-‘Ilmî: al-Arḍ fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm. Beirut: Dâr al-Ma‘rifah.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2006. Min Âyât al-I‘jâz al-‘Ilmî: al-Hayawân fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm. Beirut: Dâr al-Ma‘rifah.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2008. Tafsir al-Âyât al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm. Cairo: Dâr al-Shurûq.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2010. Mukhtârât min al-Tafsîr al-Âyât al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm. Egypt: Maktabat al-Shurûq al-Dawliyyah.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2017a. Min Âyât al-I‘jâz al-‘Ilmî bi sûrat al-An‘âm wa al-Ḥajj. Cairo: al-Bidâyah.

al-Najjâr, Zaghlûl Râghib. 2017b. Min Âyât al-Mâ’ fî al-Qur'ân. Cairo: al-Bidâyah.

al-Qaṭṭân, Mannâ‘ Khalîl. 2000. Mabâḥith fî ‘Ulûm al-Qur'ân. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr.

Rahayu, Muliza. 2016. “Integration Between Religion and Science in Early Childhood Education Learning.” Ta’dib 20(2): 201–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19109/tjie.v20i2.223

al-Raḥmân, Fatḥ ‘Abd. 1986. Ittijâh al-Tafsîr fî al-Qarn al-Râbi‘ ‘Ashar. Saudi Arabia: Mamlakat al-‘Arabiyyah al-Sa‘ûdiyyah.

Ritner, Don, and Timothy McCabe. 2004. Encyclopedia of Biology. New York: Fact on File Published.

Saleh, Sujiat Zubaidi. 2011. “Epistemologi Penafsiran Ilmiah Al-Quran.” Tsaqafah: Jurnal Peradaban Islam 7(1): 109–31. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah.v7i1.112

Sayska, Dwi Sukmanila, and Jani Arni. 2016. “Evidences of Scientific Miracle of Al-Qur’an in the Modern Era.” Jurnal Ushuluddin 24(1): 79–90. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jush.v24i1.1481

Shaḥrûr, Muḥammad. 1992. al-Kitâb wa al-Qur'ân: Qirâ’ah Mu‘âṣirah. Damascus: Âhâlî al-Naṣr wa al-Tawzî‘.

Shaleh, Sujiat Zubaidi, and Intan Pratiwi Mustikasari. 2018. “Al-Ishtifa’i bi al-‘Asl fî al-Qur'ân ‘inda Zaghlûl Râghib al-Najjâr.” Studi Quranica 3(1): 1–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21111.

Shihab, M. Quraish. 2004. Mukjizat Al-Quran Ditinjau dari Aspek Kebahasaan, Isyarat Ilmiah, dan Pemberitaan Hal Ghaib. Bandung: Mizan.

Shihab, M. Quraish. 2009. Tafsir Al-Misbah: Pesan Kesan dan Keserasian Al-Quran. Jakarta: Lentera hati.

Shihab, M. Quraish. 2013. Membumikan Al-Quran. Jakarta: Lentera Hati.

Supriadi, Akhmad. 2017. “Integrating Qur’an and Science: Epistemology of Tafsir Ilmi in Indonesia.” Refleksi 16(2): 149–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/ref.v16i2.10191

Suryadilaga, Al-Fatih, Abdul Lathif, Yudhi Munadi, and Firdaus. 2010. Metodologi Ilmu Tafsir. Yogyakarta: Teras.

Suskha, Ahlam, Rusydi AM, and Urwatul Wusqa. 2020. “The Benefits of Water for Plants: The Perspectives of Al-Qur’an and Science.” AL QUDS: Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis 4(2): 447–66. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v4i2.1883

Syarifuddin, M. Anwar, and Jauhar Azizy. 2018. “Thematic Scientific Interpretation of the Qur’an in Indonesia.” In Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 43–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/icqhs-17.2018.7

al-Zarqânî, ‘Abd ‘Aẓîm. 1988. Manâhil al-‘Irfân fî ‘Ulûm al-Qur'ân. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v21i2.10227