Islamic Architectural Influence on Bajo Village Houses: A Case Study in Soropia Subdistrict, Southeast Celebes, Indonesia

Ahsan Hidayat Setiadi, Andi Al Mustagfir Syah, Nahdatunnisa Nahdatunnisa, M. Arzal Tahir

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the influence of Islamic architectural principles on the design of traditional houses of the Bajo tribe in Bajo Village, Soropia Subdistrict, Southeast Sulawesi. Using a descriptive-analytical method, data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The study involved 123 traditional Bajo houses categorized into three types: water-based, semi-water-based, and land-based. Key architectural elements, including building orientation, spatial layout, use of building materials, and roof and foundation design, were examined. The findings reveal that the orientation of Bajo houses towards the Qibla is influenced by Islamic teachings, particularly in QS. Al-Baqarah 2:143, while privacy and simplicity in spatial arrangement are aligned with QS. An-Nur 24:27-28 and QS. Ar-Rum 30:41. Islamic spiritual values are also reflected in the design of roofs and foundations, symbolizing the greatness of Allah and the balance of life as stated in QS. Al-Baqarah 2:255 and QS. Al-Hujurat 49:9. This research highlights the significance of integrating Islamic values in architectural practices, especially in preserving traditional Bajo houses, which serve not only as dwellings but also as transmitters of religious and cultural values. The study offers new insights into the relationship between religion, culture, and architecture in a local context, while providing practical guidance for the preservation and development of traditional architecture amidst modernization.

Keywords


Islamic Architecture; Bajo Tribe; Traditional Houses; Quranic Verses; Architectural Design; Cultural Preservation; Modernization

Full Text:

PDF

References


[1] A. Behdad, "On photographic monumentalism: Nineteenth-century representations of architectural and historical sites," Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 153-169, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/26666286-12340044

[2] N. Benkari, "The formation and influence of the military architecture in Oman during Al-Ya'ariba period," Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 459-486, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2024.01.003

[3] T. Aryanti, "Branding the Islamic village: Modesty and identity in Yogyakarta Kauman village, Indonesia," Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 184, pp. 94-101, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.05.067

[4] Burhanuddin, Amar, and Mashuri, "Physical changes of occupancy and spatial of Bajo tribe settlement in Jayabakti Village, Pagimana District," IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 1157, p. 012013, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1157/1/012013

[5] L. M. Dabbour, "Morphology of quarters in traditional Arab Islamic city: A case of the traditional city of Damascus," Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 50-65, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2020.11.004

[6] T. Muhammad and B. Dwisusanto, “Arsitektur Monumental sebagai Representasi Kultural: Kasus Studi Gedung Sate,” Jurnal Arsitektur TERRACOTTA, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 204–212, Aug. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26760/terracotta.v4i3.9131.

[7] A. A. K. S. Gobang, Antariksa, and A. M. Nugroho, "Perkembangan spasial hunian suku Bajo di Kampung Wuring Kota Maumere," J. Tek. Arsit. ARTEKS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v2i1.37.

[8] A. A. Haerulloh, S. L. Nurrohmah, M. Alim, and T. Ampera, "Identitas budaya dan sejarah suku Bajo di Bajo Pulau pascanomaden," METAHUMANIORA, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 75-90, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/metahumaniora.v11i1.32115.

[9] Z. Othman, R. Aird, and L. Buys, “Privacy, modesty, hospitality, and the design of Muslim homes: A literature review,” Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 12–23, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2014.12.001.

[10] A. M. Dini, S. A. Salih, and S. Ismail, “Principle of privacy in Islamic architectural design context: A systematic literature review,” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i9/18435.

[11] J. Eiraji and S. A. Namdar, "Sustainable systems in Iranian traditional architecture," Procedia Engineering, vol. 21, pp. 553-559, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2050.

[12] M. M. Alnaim, G. Albaqawy, M. Bay, and A. Mesloub, "The impact of generative principles on the traditional Islamic built environment: The context of the Saudi Arabian built environment," Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 101914, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2022.101914.

[13] N. Tamimi, I. S. Fatimah, and A. A. Hadi, “Identification of conditions and distribution of colonial buildings in Bandung City,” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 501, no. 1, p. 012006, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/501/1/012006.

[14] O. Grabar, "Art and architecture and the Qur'an," Early Islamic Art, 650-1100, 1st ed. Routledge, 2005.

[15] G. K. Umar, D. A. Yusuf, A. Ahmed, and A. M. Usman, "The practice of Hausa traditional architecture: Towards conservation and restoration of spatial morphology and techniques," Scientific African, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00142

[16] M. Sutrisno, "Tracing Persian influences: Exploring the meaning of mosques and mausoleums in South Sulawesi as iconic Islamic architecture," J. Islamic Architecture, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 669-685, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jia.v7i4.19372

[17] R. P. Herwindo, "Traces of Islamic architecture in the design of the 'Gedung Sate' in Bandung," Journal of Islamic Architecture, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 476-485, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jia.v7i3.16932.

[18] K. S. Aratuza, K. R. Kurniawan, and Y. N. Harahap, "Adaptation of vernacular architecture in the Bajo Mola tribe facing modernity," Potency of the Vernacular Settlements, 1st ed. Routledge, 2024.

[19] S. Farhan, V. Akef, and Z. Nasar, "The transformation of the inherited historical urban and architectural characteristics of Al-Najaf's old city and possible preservation insights," Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 820-836, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2020.07.005.

[20] F. Karim, M. M. Sir, and A. M. Radja, "Characteristics of the Bajo tribal settlement in the Village of Torosiaje Laut Pohuwato District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia," ISVS e-journal, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 370-390, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61275/ISVSej-2023-10-12-26.

[21] N. Jarrar, "Developing digital Islamic heritage sites in Jordan", Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Vol. 32, pp. 1-13, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daach.2024.e00316.

[22] Fikriyati, "Architectural interpretations of Qur'anic and hadith influences in traditional Indonesian mosques during the Walisanga era," J. Stud. Qur'an Hadis, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 253-284, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v24i2.4657.

[23] M. Kamali, "The interaction of history and modern thought in the creation of Iran's architecture by investigating the approaches of past-oriented architecture," Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 459-486, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2024.01.003.

[24] A. H. Setiadi and A. A. M. Syah, "Utilizing Metaverse technology for the preservation of indigenous houses in Southeast Sulawesi," J. Architect. Herit., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 245-263, 2024. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jacee.7.1.98-108.

[25] D. H. I. Labib and L. Mohamed, "Cairo: An Arab city transforming from Islamic urban planning to globalization," Cities, vol. 117, p. 103310, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103310.

[26] A. H. Setiadi, L. D. Wulandari, and D. Asikin, "The typology of coastal house functions in Bajo, Soropia Sub-District," BIRCI-Journal, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 11985-11996, 2021. DOI: 10.36347/sjet2021.v09i11.004.

[27] L. H. S. Wardi, B. H. Wijayanti, A. Kurniawan, and T. Kukuh, "Model pengembangan Desa Karang Bajo sebagai desa wisata arsitektur tradisional di Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara," J. Arsit. Tradisional, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 150-167, 2023.

[28] I. Ibrahim, K. P. Hua, N. A. Aziz, and N. A. Hanifah, “Hima as ‘living sanctuaries’: An approach to wetlands conservation from the perspective of Shari’a law,” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 105, pp. 476–483, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.050.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jia.v9i1.26375

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Ahsan Hidayat Setiadi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

EDITORIAL OFFICE

Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Jalan Gajayana 50 Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 65144
Phone (+62) 341 558933, Facsimile (+62) 341 558933
e-mail: journal.islamicarchitecture@gmail.com / jia@uin-malang.ac.id

 

 Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.