Adsorpsi Logam Ni dan Cu pada Limbah Cair Laboratorium Kimia menggunakan Biosorben Batang Jagung Termodifikasi Asam Sitrat
Abstract
Corn stalk contains 40-50% cellulose, 20-40% hemicellulose, 4-15% lignin which had potential as biosorbent in binding metal ions. In this study, demineralization and modification by adding citric acid (1.5 M and 2 M) of corn stalk were conducted to convert hydroxyl groups into carboxylic. Then, it was analyzed its functional groups using Boehm titration and FTIR. The modified corn stalk was applied directly to chemical laboratory liquid waste which contains multicomponent of heavy metal ions. By modifying the corn stalk, the number of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups increased, but the number of lactone group was constant. The success of the modification was characterized by the appearance of ester uptake at 1734 cm-1 and increased adsorption ability. The variations in the concentration of citric acid in modification corn stalk showed that biosorbent with addition 1.5 M citric acid had higher in the number of acid site than addition 2 M citric acid to absorb Ni and Cu.
Keywords: Corn stalk, citric acid, biosorbent, functional group
Batang jagung mengandung sekitar 40-50% selulosa, 20-40% hemiselulosa, 4-15% lignin yang berpotensi sebagai biosorben pengikat ion logam. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan demineralisasi dan modifikasi dengan penambahan asam sitrat (1,5 M dan 2 M) untuk mengubah gugus hidroksil pada selulosa membentuk karboksilat. Selanjutnya, dianalisis gugus fungsinya menggunakan titrasi Boehm dan FTIR. Hasil modifikasi diaplikasikan langsung pada limbah cair laboratorium kimia yang mengandung banyak jenis ion logam berat. Biosorben batang jagung setelah dimodifikasi mengalami peningkatan jumlah gugus fungsi hidroksil dan karboksilat, tetapi gugus lakton tetap. Keberhasilan modifikasi ditandai dengan munculnya serapan ester pada 1734 cm-1 dan peningkatan kemampuan adsorpsi. Dari hasil variasi konsentrasi asam sitrat diperoleh informasi bahwa biosorben dengan penambahan asam sitrat 1,5 M mempunyai situs asam lebih tinggi dan mempunyai kemampuan adsorpsi terhadap ion logam Ni dan Cu lebih besar dibanding penambahan asam sitrat 2 M.
Kata kunci: Batang jagung, asam sitrat, biosorben, gugus fungsi
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v7i1.7933
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