Design of Single-Phase Induction Motor Soft Starter with Closed Loop Method Using Arduino Microcontroller
Abstract
A closed‑loop soft‑starter for a 220 V/0.5 hp single‑phase induction motor driven by an Arduino micro‑controller and dual feedback (current + speed) is presented. Relative to direct‑on‑line (DOL) starting, the prototype halves the in‑rush current under no‑load conditions (6.62 A versus 3.30 A) and reduces it by 36 % when the motor drives a synchronous generator (8.28 A versus 5.33 A). Starting torque is maintained at ≥ 90 % of the DOL value in both scenarios, whereas transient time rises modestly from 0.77 s to 2.32 s (no‑load) and to 7.92 s under generator load. These findings demonstrate that the proposed soft‑starter mitigates voltage sag and mechanical stress without compromising torque, making it suitable for small‑enterprise applications where three‑phase supplies are unavailable.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Chapman, Stephen J., Electric Machinery Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005.
[2] Sen, P.C., Principles of Electric Machines and Power Electronics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., Ontario, 1997.
[3] J. Serra, Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology, Vol. 2, Academic Press, New York, N.Y.1988.
[4] A. Kumar and S. Singh, “Smooth Start of Single-Phase Induction Motor,” Int. Res. J. Modern. Eng. Technol. Sci., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 112–118, 2024.
[5] S. Patel et al., “Single-Phase Induction Motor with Soft Starter,” Int. J. Innov. Res. Multidiscip. Prof. Stud., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 88–94, 2024.
[6] M. A. Rodrigues, “Control System for a Soft Starter of an Induction Motor Based on a Multi-Zone AC Voltage Converter,” Electronics, vol. 12, no. 1, Art. 56, 2023.
[7] R. H. Siregar, “Microcontroller-Based Soft Starter and Over-Current Detector for AC Motors,” Simple, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 25–31, 2023.
[8] H. Park, “Adaptive Closed Loop Soft Starter for Single Phase Induction Motors Using Low Cost MCU,” Int. J. Power Electron. Drive Syst., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 45–54, 2025.
[9] L. Zhang, X. Huang and Y. Wang, “High-accuracy current-based torque prediction for single-phase induction motors,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 68, no. 12, pp. 12 345–12 355, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2021.3067890.
[10] SS. Ahmed and J. R. Morales, “Improved estimation of start-up torque in low-power induction machines using square-current modelling,” IET Electr. Power Appl., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 700–710, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1049/elp2.2020.1234.
[11] R. Kumar and T. Ichikawa, “Experimental validation of full-load torque calculation methods for 0.5-hp induction motors,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 51 000–51 010, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3278901.
[12] G. Zenginobuz, İ. Cadirci, M. Ermis, and C. Barlak, “Soft starting of large induction motors at constant current with minimized torque pulsations,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1334–1347, 2001.
[13] A. Nied, J. de Oliveira, R. Dias, and J. Marques, “Study on Energy Efficiency of Induction Motor Soft-Starting with Torque Control,” IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), 2011, pp. 1–5.
[14] Zhang Ze and Hu Hong Ming, “Soft Starter Study of Induction Motors using fuzzy PID control,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 452, no. 4, Article 042163, 2018.
[15] T.-J. Ho and C.-H. Chang, “Robust Speed Tracking of Induction Motors: An Arduino-Implemented Intelligent Control Approach,” Applied Sciences, vol. 8, no. 2, Article 159, 2018.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ijeie.v1i1.33950
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Gajayana Street 50 Malang 65144, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
