Potensi Antibakteri Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D) terhadap Penghambatan Bakteri Gram Positif
Abstract
Minyak biji labu kuning merupakan minyak nabati yang memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan, salah satunya untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik dan potensi minyak biji labu kuning dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan Propionibacterium acnes. Minyak diperoleh melalui proses ekstraksi sokletasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, kemudian dilakukan skrining fitokimia flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin, serta penentuan karakteristik fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, pH, bobot jenis, bilangan asam, bilangan iodium, dan bilangan penyabunan. Metode difusi cakram digunakan untuk mengevaluasi potensi antibakteri dengan kontrol positif doksisiklin 30 µg. Perbedaan potensi dianalisis menggunakan one-way ANOVA dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan minyak biji labu kuning memiliki kandungan flavonoid dan saponin, namun tidak memiliki kandungan tanin. Minyak biji labu kuning memiliki warna kuning, bau khas labu, dengan pH 5 ± 0, bobot jenis 0,89 g/mL, bilangan asam 6 ± 0 mg NaOH/g, bilangan iodium 14,63 ± 0,77 g I2/100g, dan bilangan penyabunan 449 mg KOH/100g. Diameter zona hambat minyak biji labu kuning terhadap bakteri S. aureus sebesar 1,89 ± 0,703 mm dan P. acnes sebesar 0,6 ± 0,06 mm. Kontrol positif doksisiklin memiliki diameter zona hambat sebesar 28,19 ± 2,959 mm terhadap S. aureus dan 27,8 ± 1,21 mm terhadap P. acnes. Minyak biji labu kuning memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid dan saponin yang berperan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri, namun memiliki potensi lemah dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif S. aureus dan P. acnes.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jip.v9i2.27010
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