Analisis Network Pharmacology Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Tanaman Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga) pada Penyakit Kanker
Abstract
Kanker masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan yang berat di seluruh dunia, dengan mekanisme molekuler kompleks yang mendorong inisiasi, perkembangan, dan resistensi terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut senyawa metabolit sekunder Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Analisis network pharmacology digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran bagaimana senyawa metabolit sekunder A. galanga berhubungan dengan penyakit kanker. Skrining senyawa A. galanga dilakukan dengan menggunakan aturan Lipinski Rules of Five untuk mendapatkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memenuhi kriteria, prediksi protein target dilakukan dengan SwissTargetPrediction, identifikasi protein yang berhubungan dengan kanker dilakukan dengan GeneCards, dan irisannya dilakukan dengan menggunakan Venny. Network pharmacology dianalisis menggunakan String-DB, hasilnya dilakukan pengayaan menggunakan Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, dan analisis prediksi protein yang paling berpengaruh dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC). Berdasarkan hasil skrining diperoleh 30 senyawa yang memenuhi persyaratan Lipinski Rules of Five. Hasil analisa menggunakan GeneCards menunjukkan teridentifikasi sejumlah 24.513 protein terkait kanker. Protein yang diprediksi mampu berinteraksi dengan metabolit sekunder A. galanga sejumlah 489 protein dengan sejumlah 487 protein merupakan irisan dari keduanya. Analisis KEGG menunjukkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder A. galanga berkaitan dengan beberapa jalur penyakit kanker dengan keterkaitan tertinggi pada kanker prostat yang memiliki nilai False Discovery Rate (FDR) 26,31876. Analisis dengan algoritma MCC menunjukkan terdapat sepuluh protein target utama yang berkaitan dengan penyakit kanker. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder A. galanga memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker terutama pada kanker prostat dengan nilai FDR tertinggi.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jip.v9i1.27094
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