UNDERSTANDING THE MEANING OF GOD’S LEGISLATION: Critical Analysis of Islamic Law Reasoning Criticism in Indonesia
Abstract
The existence of Islamic law in dealing with social problems is questioned. The authoritative claim on the establishment of Islamic law by certain ulama organization is presumed to weaken the role of Islamic law in society. This article aims to analyze the legal reasoning structure and interpretation model of mufti (the one issuing fatwa) in establishing Islamic law. This article is based on the doctrinal legal research with conceptual approach, particularly on the thought of Khaled M. Abou El Fadl. By going through the analysis process of critical negotiation, there will be constructive dialectic to produce a humanistic Islamic law. This article found that the authority of textual meaning needs to be placed on top of the authority of mufti. The structured legal reasoning will silence the tafsir plurality on religious texts. The stagnation of this fatwa can be bridged via open Hermeneutics method which is dialectic among the author, text, reader, and the target discourse. So, fatwa can be the fundamental solution of the social problem which is humanistic.
Eksistensi hukum Islam dalam menangani masalah sosial kemasyarakatan mulai diragukan. Klaim otoritas penetapan hukum Islam oleh organisasi ulama tertentu disinyalir menjadi sebab melemahnya peran hukum Islam dalam masyarakat. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur nalar hukum dan model interpretasi pemberi fatwa dalam penetapan hukum Islam. artikel ini berasal dari penelitian hukum doctrinal dengan konseptual khususnya pemikiran Khaled M. Abou El Fadl. Karena melalui proses analisis negosiasi kritis, akan muncul dialektika yang konstruktif untuk menghasilkan hukum Islam yang humanis. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa otoritas makna teks perlu diposisikan di atas kewenangan pemberi fatwa. Penalaran hukum yang terlembaga akan mendorong pembungkaman pluralitas tafsir teks agama. Kebekuan hasil fatwa ini dapat dijembatani melalui metode hermeneutika terbuka yang bersifat dialektis, antara pengarang, teks, pembaca, dan sasaran wacana. Sehingga fatwa dapat menjadi sandaran penyelesaian problem sosial kemasyarakatan yang humanis.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adis Duderija. “Toward a Scriptural Hermeneutics of Islamic Feminism.” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 31, no. 2 (2015): 45–64.
Ahmed Fekry Ibrahim. “The Codification Episteme in Islamic Juristic Discourse between Inertia and Change.” Islamic Law and Society 22, no. 3 (2015): 157–220.
Aria Nakissa. “An Epistemic Shift in Islamic Law: Educational Reform at Al-Azhar and Dar Al-Ulum.” Islamic Law and Society 21, no. 3 (2014): 209–51.
Ayman A. El-Desouky. “Between Hermeneutic Provenance and Textuality: The Qur’an and the Question of Method in Approaches to World Literature.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 16, no. 3 (2014): 11–38.
Chung-Ying Cheng. “Phenomenology and Onto-Generative Hermeneutics: Convergencies.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 42, no. 1–2 (2017): 221–41.
Cristian Iftode. “The Dispute between Humanism and Anti-Humanism in the 20th Century: Toward an Archeology of Posthumanism.” Hermeneia: Journal of Hermeneutics, Art Theory and Art Criticism 1, no. 1 (2020): 6–16.
Dadang Darmawan. “Analisa Kisah Yusuf Dalam Al-Qur’an Dengan Pendekatan Hermeneutika.” Dalam Al-Bayan: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir 1, no. 1 (2016): 8–16.
David L. Johnston. “Maqasid Al-Shari’a: Epistemology and Hermeneutics of Muslim Theologies of Human Rights.” International Journal for the Study of Modern Islam 47, no. 2 (2007): 149–87.
Ghofur, Abdul, and Sulistiyono. “Peran Ulama Dalam Legislasi Modern Hukum Islam.” Asy-Syir’ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Hukum 49, no. 1 (2014): 225–97.
Idi Warsah. “Muslim Minority in Yogyakarta: Between Social Relationship and Religious Motivation.” QIJIS: Qudus International of Islamic Studies 7, no. 2 (2019): 367–98.
Ihab Habudin. “Konstruksi Gagasan Feminisme Islam Khaled M. Abou El Fadl: Relevansinya Dengan Posisi Perempuan Dalam Keluarga.” Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 5, no. 2 (2012): 1–30.
Kadi. “Menjadi Wakil Tuhan: Memahami Pemikiran Khalid M. Abou El Fadl Tentang Konsep Otoritas Penafsir Pesan Tuhan.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial 7, no. 1 (2012): 1–16.
Khaled M. Abou El Fadl. Atas Nama Tuhan: Dari Fiqh Otoriter Ke Fiqh Otoritatif. Edited by R. Cecep Lukman Yasin. Jakarta: Serambi, 2004.
Komaruddin Hidayat. Memahami Bahasa Agama: Sebuah Kajian Hermeneutik. Jakarta: Paramadina, 1996.
Kuswaya, Adang, and MK. Ridwan. “Mentradisikan Kritik Tafsir: Upaya Meretas Mata Rantai Absolutisme Penafsiran.” Episteme: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman 13, no. 1 (2018): 1–31.
M. Amin Abdullah. Studi Agama: Normativitas Dan Historisitas. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2004.
Mariam al-Attar. “Meta-Ethics: A Quest for an Epistemological Basis of Morality in Classical Islamic Thought.” Journal of Islamic Ethics 1, no. 1–2 (2017): 29–50.
Melanie Guenon. “Abd Al-Majid Al-Zindani I’jaz ‘Ilmi Approach: Embryonic Development in Q. 23: 12-14 as a Scientific Miracle.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 21, no. 3 (2019): 32–56.
Muhaimin. “Pergeseran Otoritas Hukum Islam Perspektif Fenomenologi.” Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman 22, no. 1 (2018): 99–112.
Muhammad ‘Ata al-Sid. Sejarah Kalam Tuhan: Kaum Beriman Menalar Al-Qur’an Masa Nabi, Klasik, & Modern. Edited by Ilham B. Saenong. Jakarta: Teraju, 2004.
Muhammad Nurkhanif. “Hermeneutics and Deconstruction of Hilal Testimony Verse: Critical View on QS. Al-Baqarah 185.” Dalam Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam 21, no. 1 (2020): 67–85.
Mukhsin Achmad. “A Hermeneutical Analysis on Fatwa of The Coucil of Indonesia Ulama Dealing with Discriminating Shia in Indonesia.” Madania: Jurnal Kajian Islam 23, no. 1 (2019): 33–46.
Neli Rahmah & Nelmaya. “Islamic Fundamentalism Karen Amstrong’s Perspective and Its Implications for the Identification of Fundamentalism Groups in Indonesia.” Realitas: Journal of Islamic & Social Studies 5, no. 2 (2019): 217–29.
Nicholas Davey. “The (Impossible) Future of Hermeneutics.” Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 48, no. 3 (2017): 209–21.
Norman K. Swazo. “Engaging the Hermeneutics of Suspicion about Islamic Faith and Practice.” International Journal on World Peace 33, no. 2 (2016): 9–41.
Phillip Dorroll. “The Turkish Understanding of Religion”: Rethinking Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Turkish Islamic Thought.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 82, no. 4 (2014): 1033–69.
Raisul. “Pemikiran Hukum Islam Khaled Abou El Fadl.” Mazahib: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 14, no. 2 (2015): 145–58.
Ridwan, Benny, and et al. “Islam Nusantara, Ulemas, and Social Media: Understanding the Pros and Cons of Islam Nusantara among Ulemas of West Sumatera.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 9, no. 2 (2019): 163–88.
Rijal, Syamsul, and et al. “Religion, Theology and Terrorism in Indonesia: Reconstruction of Theo-Anthropocentric Theology.” International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 5, no. 1 (2017): 36–46.
Rumadi. “Islam Dan Otoritas Keagamaan.” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 20, no. 1 (2012): 25–54.
Said Romadlan. “The Discourse of Meaning of Jihad in Muhammadiyah Circle: A Hermeneutics Perspective.” Jurnal Komunikator 11, no. 2 (2019): 151–62.
Shuruq Naguib. “The Hermeneutics of Miracle: Evolution, Eloquence, and the Critique of Scientific Exegesis in the Literary School of Tafsir. Part I: From Muhammad ‘Abduh to Amin Al-Khuli.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 21, no. 3 (2019): 57–88.
Sohaib Saeed. “The Shahin Affair and the Evolution of Usul Al-Tafsir.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 21, no. 3 (2019): 114–44.
Susann M. Laverty. “Hermeneutic Phenomenology and Phenomenology: A Comparison of Historical and Methodological Considerations.” International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2, no. 3 (2003): 21–35.
Syafiq Hasyim. “Religious Pluralism Revisited: Discursive Patterns of the Ulama Fatwa in Indonesia and Malaysia.” Studia Islamika 26, no. 3 (2019): 475–509.
Syamsul Rijal Adhan. “Theology of Liberation in Thought of Ali Shari’ati.” Journal of Islam and Science 3, no. 2 (2016): 259–88.
Victoria S. Harrison. “Hermeneutics, Religious Language and The Qur’an.” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relation 21, no. 3 (2010): 207–20.
Wasisto Raharjo Jati. “Radicalism in the Perspective of Islamic-Populism: Trajectory of Political Islam in Indonesia.” JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM 7, no. 2 (2013): 268–87.
Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin, and Homaidi Hamid. “The Power of Fatwa in Indonesia: An Analysis of MUI’s Controversial Fatwas.” Jurnal Afkaruna 14, no. 2 (2018): 146–65.
Winarno. “Dinamisasi Hukum Islam: Suatu Pendekatan Dalam Kerangka Metodologi Ushul Fiqh.” Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat 16, no. 1 (2016): 99–116.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i2.9913
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Published By:
Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Fakultas Syariah
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Jl. Gajayana No. 50, 65144 Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Telp./Fax.: (0341) 559399
Email: jurisdictie@uin-malang.ac.id
Abstacting & Indexing :
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.