PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DIET TINGGI LEMAK TERHADAP KONSENTRASI SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A (sIgA) SALIVA TIKUS PUTIH Rattus norvegicus YANG DIINDUKSI BAKTERI Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)
Abstract
Hiperlipidemia menyebabkan perubahan pada sel imun dan proses penyembuhan luka, sehingga juga meningkatkan kemungkinan untuk terserang periodontitis yang terutama disebabkan oleh bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) atau infeksi lainnya. Asam lemak yang berlebihan dapat menghambat proliferasi sel karena hasil peroksidasi lipid yang bersifat toksik bagi sel. Asam lemak juga ikut mempengaruhi produksi dan modulasi sitokin karena asam lemak dapat menyebabkan reduksi proliferasi limfosit. Diet tinggi lemak telah menyebabkan penurunan jumlah limfosit B. Pada perkembangannya, limfosit B membentuk sel B memori dan sel plasma yang memproduksi antibodi, termasuk IgA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian diet tinggi lemak dan induksi bakteri Aa terhadap konsentrasi secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) saliva. Sebanyak 28 tikus Rattus norvegicus Strain Wistar dibagi dalam empat kelompok secara random, kelompok K0 diberi pakan standar, kelompok K1 diberi pakan standar kemudian diinduksi bakteri Aa, kelompok K2 diberikan diet tinggi lemak, dan kelompok K3 diberikan diet tinggi lemak kemudian diinduksi bakteri Aa. Pada akhir penelitian seluruh tikus diambil cairan saliva dan diukur konsentrasi sIgA saliva menggunakan metode ELISA. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan konsentrasi sIgA saliva antara kelompok pakan standar tanpa induksi bakteri Aa (K0) dengan kelompok diet tinggi lemak tanpa induksi bakteri Aa (K2) dan antara kelompok pakan standar dengan induksi bakteri Aa (K1) dengan kelompok diet tinggi lemak dengan induksi bakteri Aa (K3)
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