Self-Objectification dan Body Shame pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal

Novia Ciutarno, Heni Gerda Pesau

Abstract


Changes in interest about appearance and social roles made women in early adulthood begin to feel anxious about living in a new environment and trigger the possibility of experiencing objectification from others. Women who internalize this objectification will experience self-objectification which can cause body shame when their body does not meet the ideal beauty standards. This research aims to analyze the relationship between self-objectification and body shame of women in early adulthood. This study involved 150 women in early adulthood aged 20 to 30 years and domiciled in Makassar City. This research used quantitative methods with self-objectification and body shame scales as research measurement tools and analyzed by Pearson Product Moment. The result of this research showed a significance value of 0.000 and a correlation value of 0.297, which means that there is a positive relationship between self-objectification and body shame of women in early adulthood.

KEY WORDS:
body shame; self-objectification; women in early adulthood

Full Text:

PDF

References


American Psychological Association. (2015). APA dictionary of psychology. (G. R. VandenBos, Ed.) American Psychological Association.

Amruddin, Priyanda, R., Agustina, T. S., Ariantini, N. S., Rusmayani, N. G., Aslindar, D. A., Wicaksono, D. (2022). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif. Pradina Pustaka.

Azwar, S. (2012). Penyusunan skala psikologi. Pustaka Pelajar.

Azwar, S. (2018). Metode penelitian psikologi. Pustaka Pelajar.

Bahri, S., & Zamzam, F. (2021). Model penelitian kuantitatif berbasis SEM-AMOS. Deepublish.

Bailey, K. A., Lamarche, L., Gammage, K. L., & Sullivan, P. J. (2016). Self-objectification and the use of body image coping strategies: The role of shame in highly physically active women. The American Journal of Psychology, 129(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.129.1.0081

BPS. (2022). Kota Makassar dalam angka: Makassar municipality in figures 2022. BPS Kota Makassar.

Burns, M. (2018). Self-objectification, body shame and instagram use, and the moderating effect of active commitment to feminism. Thesis, Dublin Business School. https://esource.dbs.ie/bitstream/handle/10788/3474/ba_burns_m_2018.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Calogero, R. M. (2012). Objectification theory, self-objectification, and body image. In T. F. Cash (Ed), Encyclopedia of body image and human apperance (pp. 574-580). Academic Press. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/33425/1/ENCY.OBJTHEORY.CASH.pdf

Cambridge. (n.d.). Body-shame. Cambridge Dictionary: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/body-shame

Carley, S. G. (2021). Self-objectification as predictor of body surveillance and body shame. Experiment Findings, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.16443.34083/1

Czepczoer-Bernat, K. (2022). The role of body shame and age on appearance-based exercise and positive body image in women from Poland: Preliminary results of cluster analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15741), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315741

Dahl, S. (2014). The self-objectification scale: A new measure for assessing self-objectification. Theses and Dissertations, University of North Dakota. https://commons.und.edu/theses/1639/

Dariyo, A. (2008). Psikologi perkembangan dewasa muda. Grasindo. https://www.pdfdrive.com/psikologi-perkembangan-dewasa-muda-e147495811.html

Dolezal, L. (2015). The body and shame: Phenomenology, feminism, and the socially shaped body. Lexington Books.

Dwivedi, M., Sharma, S., & Vajpeyi, L. (2021). Level of self objectification in teenage school girls: Causes, consequences and concerns. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(9), 2189-2199.

Evans, M. A. (2010). Unattainable beauty: An analysis of the role of body shame and self-objectification in hopelessness depression among college-age women. Graduate Doctoral Dissertations, Paper 8. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/229319977.pdf

Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T.-A. (2017). Teori kepribadian. Salemba Humanika.

Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T.-A. (1997). Objectification theory: Toward understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 173-206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.147-6402.1997.tb00108.x

Ghufron, M. N., & Suminta, R. R. (2017). Teori-teori psikologi. Ar-ruzz Media.

Gilbert, P., & Miles, J. (2002). Body shame: Conceptualisation, research and treatment. Brunner-Routledge.

Hurlock, E. B. (2011). Psikologi perkembangan: Suatu pendekatan sepanjang rentang kehidupan. Penerbit Erlangga.

Jahja, Y. (2015). Psikologi perkembangan. Prenadamedia.

Karyanti, & Aminudin. (2019). Cyberbullying & body shaming. (Ngalimun, Ed.) Penerbit K-Media. https://fkip.umpr.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/8F4-4.pdf

Knauss, C., Paxton, S. J., & Alsaker, F. D. (2008). Body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls; Objectified body consciousness, internalization of the media body ideal and perceived pressure from media. Sex Roles, 59(9-10), 633-643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-008-9474-7

Ko, N. (2010). The role of body shame, social appearance anxiety, and body checking behavior on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors: A cross-cultural study in Germany and Korea. Dissertation.

Kuang, J. (2021). Self-esteem and body shame: Paths from appearance pressures to disordered eating. 1-27. https://our.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/1148/2022/02/SelfEsteem-and-Body-Shame-Path.pdf

Mardiyanti, R., & Purwaningtyas, F. D. (2021). Kecenderungan perilaku body shame ditinjau dari self acceptance pada remaja awal putri di SMP Y Surabaya. Jurnal Psikodidaktika: Ilmu Pendidikan, Psikologi, Bimbingan & Konseling, 6(1), 155-171. ISSN: 2615-3297.

Masrifah, N. I. (2020). Pengaruh self-objectification dan body shame terhadap kepercayaan diri pada mahasiswi fakultas ekonomi UIN maulana malik ibrahim Malang. Skripsi, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/22077/1/16410129.pdf

Mubarak, A. Z. (2021). Penelitian kuantitatif dan statistik pendidikan. Pustaka Turats Press.

Nabilla, F., & Rachmawati, D. (2024, August 12). Dikomentari soal tubuh usai melahirkan, aurel hermansyah buktikan bisa langsing usai azura berusia 9 bulan. Suara. https://www.suara.com/lifestyle/2024/08/12/165951/dikomentari-soal-tubuh-usai-melahirkan-aurel-hermansyah-buktikan-bisa-langsing-usai-azura-berusia-9-bulan

Nasrul, R. F., & Rinaldi. (2020). Hubungan body shame dengan kepercayaan diri pada siswa SMA N 5 Pariaman. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 1-14.

Nevid, J. S., Rathus, S. A., & Greene, B. (2018). Psikologi abnormal: DI dunia yang terus berubah. Penerbit Erlangga.

Periantalo, J. (2017). Penelitian kuantitatif untuk psikologi. Pustaka Pelajar.

Raspovic, A., Prichard, I., Salim, A., Yager, Z., & Hart, L. (2023). Body image profiles combining body shame, body appreciation and body mass index differentiate dietary restraint and exercise amount in women. Body Image, 46, 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.05.007

Rollero, C., & Piccoli, N. D. (2017). Self-objectification and personal values: An exploratory study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1055), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01055

Saifuddin, A. (2020). Penyusunan skala psikologi. Kencana.

Sandhu, T., & Sandhu, S. (2021). Body consciousness and self-objectification in gen Z adolescent girls. Current Research in Psychology, 9, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3844/crpsp.2021.1.13

Santoso, A. (2018, November 28). Polisi tangani 966 kasus body shaming selama 2018. Detik.https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4321990/polisi-tangani-966-kasus-body-shaming-selama-2018

Santrock, J. W. (2011). Life-span development (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Sari, R. P. (2020). Hubungan body shaming dengan interaksi sosial teman sebaya di SMKN 7 Tangerang Selatan. Skripsi, Jakarta. Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah.

Sari, T. I., & Rosyidah, R. (2020, November). Pengaruh body shaming terhadap kecenderungan anorexia nervosa pada remaja perempuan di Surabaya. Personifikasi, 11(2), 202-217. https://doi.org/10.21107/personifikasi

Schaefer, L. M., Burke, N. L., Calogero, R. M., Menzel, J. E., Krawczyk, R., & Thompson, J. K. (2017). Self-objectification, body shame, and disordered eating: Testing a core mediational model of objectification theory among white, black, and hispanic women. Body Image, 21(24), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.10.005

Setiyawan, A. (2014). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi reliabilitas tes. Jurnal An Nûr, 6(2), 341-354.

Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Tiggemann, M., & Boundy, M. (2008). Effect of environment and appearance compliment on college women's self-objectification, mood, body shame, and cognitive performance. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32(4), 399-405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00453.x

Winarni, R. W. (2010). Representasi kecantikan perempuan dalam iklan. Deiksis, 2(2), 134-152.

Wollast, R., Riemer, A. R., Sarda, E., Wiernik, B. M., & Klein, O. (2020). How self-compassion moderates the relation between body surveillance and body shame among men and women. Mindfulness, 11(10), 2298-2313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01488-w

Worotitjan, H. G. (2014). Konstruksi kecantikan dalam iklan kosmetik wardah. Jurnal E-Komunikasi, 2(2), 1-10.

Zulfiyah, W., & Nuqul, F. L. (2019). Pengaruh sexism dan self esteem terhadap self objectification pada mahasiswi. Proyeksi, 14(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.30659/jp.14.1.1-11

Zurbriggen, E. L. (2013). Objectification, self-objectification, and societal change. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 1(1), 188-215. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v1i1.94

Zurbriggen, E. L., Collins, R. L., Lamb, S., Roberts, T.-A., Tolman, D. L., Ward, L. M., & Blake, J. (2007). Report of the APA task force on the sexualization of girls. American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org/pi/women/programs/girls/report-full.pdf




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jips.v4i2.29100

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indexing By:

  

 

 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science (JIPS) by http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/psiko is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

 

 

View My Stats