Strategi Pengobatan Dan Eradikasi Morbus Hansen di Indonesia: Sistematik Literature Review

Dina Sanjaya

Abstract


Latar belakang:  Morbus Hansen, atau lebih dikenal dengan kusta, adalah penyakit menular kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium leprae. Penyakit ini mempengaruhi kulit, saraf perifer, mukosa saluran pernapasan atas, dan mata, yang jika tidak diobati dengan tepat, dapat menyebabkan kecacatan permanen. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  (1) Mengidentifikasi strategi pengobatan Morbus Hansen di Indonesia, (2) Mengidentifikasi upaya eradikasi Morbus Hansen di Indonesia.  Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Sistematik Literatur. Sample dalam penelitian ini mencakup 25 artikel teridentifikasi dari 170 artikel yang diambil secara purpusive sampling melalui portal indexing jurnal berupa Google Scholar, IEEE, dan Scopus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan PICOS dan Systematic Review Diagram based on PRISMA dengan analisis data berupa pemetaan menggunakan model Systematic Review. Hasil : Menyebutkan bahwa Terapi Multiobat (MDT) sangat efektif dalam mengobati kusta dan mencegah resistensi obat. Strategi eradikasi penanganan kusta juga melibatkan deteksi dini melalui skrining massal dan pengawasan aktif, serta kampanye edukasi untuk mengurangi stigma sosial dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat. Tantangan seperti kurangnya pengetahuan, stigma sosial, kepatuhan pengobatan, dan keterbatasan sumber daya memerlukan pendekatan holistik, edukasi berkelanjutan. Kesimpulan: Terapi Multiobat (MDT) efektif mengobati kusta dan mencegah resistensi obat, dengan strategi eradikasi meliputi deteksi dini, edukasi, rehabilitasi sosial, kolaborasi internasional, serta penelitian dan pemantauan berkelanjutan untuk mengatasi tantangan dan memastikan efektivitas program.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/jim.v9i1.28621

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