Differential Effects of Problem-Based Learning and Animated Videos on Affective and Cognitive Outcomes in Multi-Grade Elementary Classrooms
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the differential effects of Problem Based Learning and video animation on the affective and cognitive domains of elementary secondary school students. The research approach uses a quantitative method with an explanatory research design. The research population amounted to 53 students, all of whom were sampled through saturated sampling techniques. Affective domain data was collected using a Likert scale questionnaire, while the cognitive domain was measured through learning outcome tests. Data analysis was carried out using the MANOVA test and multiple linear regression with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that there was a significant simultaneous influence of Problem Based Learning and animated videos on the affective and cognitive domains of students. Partial analysis showed that Problem Based Learning was more dominant in improving cognitive learning outcomes, while animated videos were more powerful in improving students' affective domains. These findings indicate a differential effect between the model and learning media in the context of multiple classes. Proportionate integration of the two approaches is recommended to optimize the quality of learning. This research makes an empirical contribution to the development of evidence-based learning strategies in elementary school dual classes.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Afriani, R., & Dantes, N. (2023). Effects of multimedia learning video on science literacy. JIPVA Journal, 5(2), 112–124.
Akçayır, G., & Akçayır, M. (2018). The flipped classroom: A review of its advantages and challenges. Computers & Education, 126, 334–345.
Alqahtani, M., & Mohammad, M. S. (2021). Effects of video-based learning on student engagement and motivation. Education and Information Technologies, 26(3), 3187–3205.
Arnaz, F., Putra, A., & Lestari, D. (2024). Problem-based learning in science education: Recent developments and classroom implications. Indonesian Journal of Science Education, 13(1), 45–56.
Astuti, P. D., Dianasari, D., & Fadly, A. (2025). Implementation of problem based learning model with animated video media to improve student learning outcomes. Journal of Educational Sciences, 9(6), 5614–5624.
Fitria, R., & Hamzah, Z. (2024). Multimedia in primary education: Engagement and achievement. Journal of Elementary Pedagogy, 8(1), 77–89.
Hasanah, N., Cholily, M. Y., & Syaifuddin, M. (2025). The effect of problem-based learning assisted by video animation on students' self-efficacy and creative thinking ability. Kreano: Journal of Creative-Innovative Mathematics, 16(1), 55–66.
Huang, R. H., & Hew, K. F. (2018). Implementing blended learning in Asia. Springer.
Khasanah, U, N., Rini, R, Z., & Fitra, P, A, E. (2025). The Effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Animation Video Media on Students' Concept Understanding in Thematic Learning in Class III Thematic Learning at Wonoyoso State Elementary School. Journal of DIDIKA: Scientific Forum for Basic Education, 10(1), 88–99.
Lestari, A. S., Azmy, B., & Susiloningsih, W. (2023). The effect of the problem-based learning model assisted by animation video media on argumentation paragraph writing skills. Seroja: Journal of Education, 2(5), 114–123.
Lutfiah, A., Agnafia, D. N., & Anfa, Q. (2024). The effect of the problem-based learning model assisted by animated videos on critical thinking skills. Journal of Education, 4(3), 274–282.
Nasution, F. A. N., Lubis, N. R., Astuti, N. W., & Nurainun, N. (2025). The effect of problem-based learning-based animation videos on problem-solving skills. Journal of Tambusai Education, 7(1), 5506–5515.
Nurfadillah, N., Cheriani, C., & Jusman, J. (2026). The application of PBL learning models and animated videos to Indonesian language learning outcomes. Journal of Linguistics, 8(2), 1150–1162.
Prasetyo, B., & Siregar, H. (2020). Animation media in interactive learning. Journal of Educational Multimedia, 5(2), 88–97.
Putri, F., Atmojo, I. R. W., & Ardiansyah, R. (2022). The effect of problem-based learning assisted by animated videos on critical thinking skills in science learning. JPI: Indonesian Journal of Education, 8(4), 401–412.
Putri, S. A., Rahmawati, T., & Nugroho, P. (2024). PBL with video animation to improve learning outcomes in Pancasila education. Elementary School Champion: Journal of Elementary School Education and Learning, 3(2), 122–131.
Sari, R. K., Afifah, D. S. N., & Gufron, M. (2025). Creative thinking skills through PBL model with animated videos on IPAS. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Basic Education, 10(3), 210–221.
Situmorang, E. F., & Tegeh, I. M. (2024). Animated videos based on problem-based learning on social sciences subjects. Journal of Edutech Undiksha, 12(1), 33–44.
Supriyadi, S., & Wulandari, T. (2023). Motivation and attitude of students through educational video media. Journal of Learning Technology, 15(2), 145–156.
Sutrisno, E., & Dewi, P. (2025). Video animation media and affective engagement in classroom learning. Journal of Classroom Dynamics, 4(1), 21–30.
Taib, A., & Rahman, M. (2021). Video-based instruction and student learning motivation. International Journal of Educational Technology, 18(2), 201–214.
Wijaya, A., & Putra, Y. (2022). Interactive animated instructional media effects on learning outcomes. Journal of Learning Media, 6(1), 67–78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/abj.v11i2.41379
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dyaretno Sulistiyowati, Lilik Sri Hariani, Dwi Fauzia Putra
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
...............................................................................................................................................................
Mailing Address:
Ruang Jurnal Abjadia, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK)
Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Jalan Gajayana 50 Malang 65144, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Phone/Faximile: (+62341) 552398, Cell Phone: +62 81 333 666 063
Website: http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/abjadia
Email: abjadia@uin-malang.com
Abjadia: International Journal of Education. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
...............................................................................................................................................................
Indexed by:
