Al-Barzanji's Book, A Reference in Teaching Rhetoric: Analysis of Simile and Metaphor at The Pesantren Tanbih Al-Ghafilin Banjarnegara

Muhamad Ibnu Athoillah, Enjang Burhanudin Yusuf

Abstract


This study analyzes the forms and types of simile (tashbih) and metaphorical expression (majaz) in the Book of Al-Barzanji, exploring its use as a reference for teaching Arabic rhetoric (balaghah) at Pondok Pesantren Tanbihul Ghofilin. The research is driven by the importance of balaghah in language appreciation and the literary and religious significance of Al-Barzanji, which is rich in rhetorical expressions within the pesantren environment. Employing a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, data were gathered through library research, observations, interviews with teachers and students, and learning documentations. The data were then processed using descriptive rhetorical analysis. The findings reveal that the Book of Al-Barzanji contains various similes including explicit, implicit, emphatic, representative, and non-representative and several forms of majaz, particularly majaz mursal and metaphor (isti‘arah). These styles serve essential aesthetic and semantic functions, strengthening textual meaning and spiritual dimensions. Furthermore, integrating this book into balaghah instruction helps students grasp rhetorical concepts practically and contextually, while enhancing their text-analysis skills and linguistic appreciation. The study concludes that the Book of Al-Barzanji holds significant educational value, making it an effective reference that seamlessly integrates religious, literary, and aesthetic elements for pesantren learning.

Keywords


Simile, Metaphor, Balaghah, Book of Al-Barzanji, Teaching balaghah

Full Text:

PDF

References


Al-‘Īd, Ṣāliḥ bin Nāṣir. (2020). Taḥlīl al-Naṣṣ al-Adabī fī Ḍaw’ al-Naẓariyyah al-Siyāqiyyah: Dirāsah Taṭbīqiyyah. Majallat Al-‘Ulūm Al-‘Arabiyyah Wa Al-Lughawiyyah, 22(1), 45–78. https://journals.imamu.edu.sa/jal/

Al-Akhdari, A. al-R. ibn M. (n.d.). Al-Jawhar al-Maknun fi Shadaf al-Thalathat al-Funun: al-Ma’ani wa al-Bayan wa al-Badi’. In الجوهر المكنون في صدف الثلاثة الفنون: المعاني والبيان والبديع.

al-Barzanjī, Z. al-‘Ābidīn J. (1950). Qiṣṣat al-Mawlid al-Nabawī al-Sharīf (al-‘Aqd al-Naḍīd al-Jawhar fī Mawlid al-Nabī al-Azhar). Dār Iḥyā’ al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyyah.

Al-Bāsh, W. (2024). Tawẓīf al-Asālīb al-Balāghiyyah fī Ta‘līm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah li al-Nāṭiqīn bi-Ghayrihā. Majallat Al-‘Ulūm Al-Insāniyyah Wa Al-Ṭabī‘Iyyah, 5(12), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.53796/hnsj512/5

Al-Fadani, M. Y. ibn M. I. (n.d.). Husn al-Siyaghah fi Ilm al-Balaghah.

al-Ghāmdī, ‘Abd Allāh bin Mastūr. (2022). Istrātījiyyāt Tadrīs al-Balāghah al-‘Arabiyyah fī Ḍaw’ al-Muqārabah al-Naṣṣiyyah. Majallat Al-Qirā’ah Wa Al-Ma‘Rifah, 242(2), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.21608/mrk.2022.238491

al-Harfī, M. bin ‘Alī. (2021). al-Ṣuwar al-Bayāniyyah fī al-Madā’iḥ al-Nabawiyyah al-Turāthiyyah: al-Mawlid al-Barzanjī Unmūdhajan. Majallat Al-Dirāsāt Al-Lughawiyyah Wa Al-Adabiyyah, 12(3), 89–112. http://journals.iium.edu.sa/arabiclang/index.php/jals/

al-Hāshimī, A. (1994). Jawāhir al-Balāghah fī al-Ma‘ānī wa al-Bayān wa al-Badī‘. al-Maktabah al-‘Aṣriyyah.

al-Rajabī, M. (2023). Mushkilāt Ta‘allum al-Balāghah al-‘Arabiyyah Ladā Ṭullāb al-Ma‘āhid al-Islāmiyyah wa al-Taghallub ‘Alayhā. Majallat Lisān Al-Ḍād, 7(1), 14–35. https://ejournal.iaida.ac.id/index.php/lisandhad

Al-Yamin, D. L. (2023). Bahasa Arab sebagai Identitas Budaya Islam dan Pemersatu Keberagaman Suku. Ta’limi | Journal of Arabic Education and Arabic Studies, 2(1), 73–86.

Ardyan, E., Boari, Y., Akhmad, Yuliyani, L., Hildawati, Suarni, A., Anurogo, D., Ifadah, E., & Judijanto, L. (2023). Metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif (1st ed.). PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Ayu Sekarsari, Addin Abdillah, Anisa Eka Putri Aulia, A. M. (2024). The Role of Calligraphy in Islamic Education. Education. International Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(3), 176–182.

Bustomi, A., Nahar, M. H., Fatonah, I., Fauzan, A. F., Riyanti, R., & Istiqomah, L. (2024). Pembentukan dan Pendampingan Jama’ah Pembaca Al-Barzanji di Kota Metro. DEDIKASI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.32332/dedikasi.v6i1.8014

Fattah, A., & Ayundasari, L. (2021). Mabbarazanji : Tradisi Membaca Kitab Barzanji dalam Upaya Meneladani Kehidupan Nabi Muhammad Saw. Wahana Islamika: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 7(1), 49–60.

Fauzi, M., Thohir, M., & Rahman, F. (2023). Contextual learning in pesantren: Utilizing classical litany (Kitab Turats) for syntax and rhetoric acquisition. Journal of Arabic Language Pedagogy, 7(2), 188–205. https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v7i2.29831

Halim, M. F., Marhamah, S., & Dardiri, A. (2025). Perbandingan antara Kinayah, Majaz, dan Tasybih dalam Ilmu Balaghah. Jurnal Teologi Islam, 1(2), 165–169.

Hawary, M. S. R., Banjarnaor, R., Ridwan, M., Syah, M. A. F. R., & Agustiar, A. (2025). Exploring the Unique Stylistics and Divine Rhetoric of the Qur’an: Unveiling the Linguistic Miracle of Revelation. Al-Irfan : Journal of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies, 8(1), 408–427. https://doi.org/10.58223/al-irfan.v8i1.405

Hidayat, A., & Syihabuddin, S. (2023). Qur’anic Interpretation: Transformasi Teori Balaghah dalam Tradisi Penafsiran Al-Qur’an. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis, 24(1), 45–68. https://doi.org/10.14421/quhas.v24i1.3120

Ilham, M., & Ivahni, I. (2024). Study of Normative and Anthropological Approaches To the Barzanji Tradition in Child Birth Ceremonies. SANGKéP: Jurnal Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 7(1), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.20414/sangkep.v7i1.9609

Jidan, F. (2022). Perkembangan Ilmu Balaghah. Jurnal Imtiyaz, 6(8.5.2017), 2003–2005.

Khafifi, S. A., & Siti, Y. A. (2024). Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes pada Teks Al-Barzanji. Merdeka Indonesia Journal International (MIJI), 4(1), 177–184.

Mahmud. (2025). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (1st ed.). Yayasan Darul Falah.

Mufidah, N., Chusna, A., & Sholihah, M. (2022). Text familiarity and its impact on reading comprehension and rhetorical awareness among Islamic boarding school students. Arabiyat: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Dan Kebahasaaraban, 9(1), 74–89. https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v9i1.24205

Nurhayati, Apriyanto, Ahsan, J., & Hidayah, N. (2024). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Teori dan Praktik). PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781009024549

Rofiazka, F. H., Amalia, R., & Nuha, U. (2025). Digital infographic e-module design for Balaghah learning: Bridging the gap for digital-native students. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Culture and Language (ICCL), 3(1), 211–224. https://proceedings.uinsaid.ac.id/iccl/article/view/2025

Sanjaya, A., Hidayat, R., & Masrur, M. (2024). Cultivating affective domains and religious character through Arabic literary texts in Indonesian pesantrens. Journal of Islamic Education Review, 10(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.24256/panyuring.v10i1.3941

Shabriyah, N. S., & Nuruddien, M. (2022). Kontribusi Ilmu Balaghah terhadap Makna dan Sastra yang Terkandung dalam Ayat-Ayat Al- Qur ’ an. 10(01), 77–78.

Sudi, M., Hermawati, I., Apriyanto, & Istiqomah, T. (2024). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Pendekatan, Teknik, dan Aplikasi (A. Novendra (ed.)). CV. Pustaka Inspirasi Minang.

Taufiqurrahman, M., Siagian, N., Labuhanbatu, U. A., Prapat, R., & Utara, S. (2024). Peran pondok pesantren dalam melestarikan al-barzanji di pondok pesantren irsyadul islamiyah tanjung medan. MODELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, 11, 621–636.

Tolchah, M., & Mu’ammar, M. A. (2023). Islamic boarding school system in Indonesia: Dynamic adaptation and core values preservation. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 14(2), 290–313. https://jsser.org/index.php/jsser/article/view/4982

Ṭu‘aymah, R. A. (2004). Mahārāt al-Tadrīs fī Marāḥil al-Ta‘līm al-‘Āmm. Dār al-Fikr al-‘Arabī.

Wardani, N. K. (2021). Nilai-nilai edukatif-spiritual dalam pembacaan Kitab Al-Barzanji: Studi etnografi pendidikan di masyarakat santri. Jurnal Pendidikan Character, 12(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpk.v12i2.38451

Waruwu, M. (2024). Pendekatan Penelitian Kualitatif: Konsep, Prosedur, Kelebihan dan Peran di Bidang Pendidikan. Afeksi: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 5(2), 198–211. https://doi.org/10.59698/afeksi.v5i2.236

Widayanti, R., & Dewi, Y. (2024). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif Pendidikan Bahasa Arab (I. A. Putri (ed.); 1st ed.). PT. Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/abj.v11i3.44986

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

...............................................................................................................................................................

Mailing Address:

Ruang Jurnal Abjadia, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK)
Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Jalan Gajayana 50 Malang 65144, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Phone/Faximile: (+62341) 552398, Cell Phone: +62 81 333 666 063
Website: http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/abjadia
Email: abjadia@uin-malang.com

...............................................................................................................................................................

Abjadia: International Journal of Education. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

...............................................................................................................................................................

Indexed by: