Policy on Use of AI Tools

1. Introduction
EL DINAR: Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan Syariah recognizes the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), including generative AI and AI-assisted technologies, in scholarly publishing. AI tools can support authors in improving language clarity, organizing content, and assisting technical tasks. However, their use must be carefully managed to uphold:

  • Academic integrity and originality
  • Transparency and accountability
  • Confidentiality in peer review
  • Privacy, intellectual property, and other legal/ethical rights

This policy applies to AI tool usage by authors, reviewers, and editors/editorial staff throughout manuscript preparation, peer review, and editorial handling. It aligns with widely adopted international publishing ethics guidance (including COPE and ICMJE), requiring human oversight, disclosure when applicable, and safeguards for research data. AI tools must never be used as a substitute for human critical thinking, scholarly analysis, and expert judgment.

2. Definition of AI Tools
For the purposes of this policy, AI tools refer to digital systems, platforms, or software that use artificial intelligence techniques (such as machine learning, natural language processing, or deep learning) to generate, analyze, translate, summarize, or modify textual, numerical, visual, or audio data in a scholarly context.

Examples include, but are not limited to:

  • Generative AI tools: ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and other Large Language Models (LLMs).
  • Writing and grammar assistants: Grammarly, DeepL Write, and QuillBot.
  • AI-assisted research tools: Software used for data analysis, econometric coding, visual mapping, or citation discovery.

3. Acceptable Use of AI Tools (for Authors)
Authors may use AI tools only if they maintain full responsibility for the manuscript content and comply with the following requirements:

  1. Permissible Uses (No Disclosure Required)
    Disclosure is not required for basic language assistance that does not alter the scientific meaning of the text, such as:
    • Grammar checking, spelling correction, and punctuation edits.
    • Minor improvements to readability and language fluency.
    • Standard reference formatting and citation style checks.
  2. Permissible Uses (Disclosure Required)
    Disclosure is mandatory if AI tools are used beyond basic language assistance, including:
    • Substantive rewriting, restructuring, or text summarization.
    • Translation support beyond minor language polishing.
    • Supporting programming code, data cleaning, financial modeling, or statistical analysis (provided all outputs are independently verified and reproducible).
    • Literature mapping or idea generation (provided all claims and cited sources are verified by the authors).
  3. Restricted and Prohibited Uses
    AI tools must notbe used to:
    • Generate an entire manuscript or substantial portions of original scholarly content in place of the authors’ own empirical analysis and interpretation.
    • Fabricate, falsify, or manipulate research data, financial figures, or survey findings.
    • Produce citations or references without verifying that each source exists and is accurately represented (preventing AI hallucinations).
    • Summarize or rephrase published works in a manner that constitutes plagiarism.
    • Create content that infringes copyright or reproduces third-party materials without proper permission.
  4. Images, Figures, and Artwork
    EL DINAR does not permit the use of generative AI or AI-assisted tools to create, modify, or alter images and figures in submitted manuscripts. Enhancing, obscuring, moving, or removing features within an image is prohibited.
    Exception (Methods-based use): If AI-assisted image generation or computer vision analysis is an integral part of the research design or methodology, this must be explicitly described in the Methods section (including tool name, version, provider, and parameters). Authors may be requested to provide raw, unadjusted images for editorial evaluation.
  5. Turnitin AI Writing Detection Threshold
    EL DINAR conducts similarity and AI writing detection checks on all submissions. The maximum allowable Turnitin AI writing detection score is 25%. Authors are required to revise and adjust their manuscripts if the AI detection result exceeds 20%.

4. Responsibilities of Authors
Authors are solely responsible for all content submitted to EL DINAR, including any portion created or modified using AI tools. Authors must:

  • Verify the accuracy, originality, and reliability of all AI-assisted content and reference lists.
  • Ensure the complete absence of plagiarism, factual errors, or fabricated sources.
  • Ensure proper citation and attribution for all external data and literature.
  • Retain raw data and be prepared to explain their scholarly contribution and reasoning.
  • Accept full legal and ethical responsibility for any errors or breaches resulting from AI usage.

5. Authorship and AI
AI tools cannot be listed or credited as authors or co-authors, nor can they be cited as authors. Authorship is strictly reserved for human researchers who can take public responsibility for the integrity of the work, approve the final manuscript, and address post-publication queries. Listing AI tools as co-authors will lead to immediate manuscript rejection or retraction.

6. Privacy and Confidentiality
Authors must ensure that any third-party AI tool used respects data privacy, intellectual property, and confidentiality. Authors must not input confidential, proprietary, or sensitive data (such as confidential banking records or personally identifiable respondent data) into public AI platforms without appropriate legal consent and security protections.

7. Disclosure Requirements (Authors)
If AI tools were used for purposes beyond basic grammar and spell checking, authors must include a formal disclosure in their manuscript, specifying:

  • The exact name, version, and developer/provider of the AI tool.
  • The specific purpose and scope of its application.
  • A confirmation statement that the authors verified and took full responsibility for the AI-assisted content.

Where to place the disclosure in the manuscript:

  • Methods section: If the tool contributed to research design, data analysis, or modeling.
  • Acknowledgements section: If used for substantive writing assistance, translation, or restructuring.
  • Dedicated Statement: Placed right before the References section under the heading "Declaration of AI Tool Usage".

Sample Declaration Format:

"Declaration of AI Tool Usage: During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used [insert AI tool name, version, and provider] for [describe purpose, e.g., structural editing / translation support]. All AI-assisted outputs were critically reviewed, verified, and edited by the authors to ensure factual accuracy, academic integrity, and compliance with ethical standards. The authors take full responsibility for the content of this manuscript."

8. Reviewer Policy (Confidentiality and Integrity)
Peer review relies on independent human expertise and strict confidentiality. Reviewers must:

  • Treat all submitted manuscripts as strictly confidential documents.
  • Not upload any part of a submitted manuscript into generative AI tools for any purpose (including summarizing or language translation).
  • Not use AI tools to generate review reports, evaluations, or decision recommendations.
  • Remain fully accountable for the content and tone of their review reports.

9. Editor Policy (Confidentiality and Decision-Making)
Editors and editorial staff must:

  • Maintain absolute confidentiality regarding submitted manuscripts and author data.
  • Not upload manuscripts, reviewer reports, or editorial communications into AI tools.
  • Not rely on AI tools to make editorial assessments, acceptance, or rejection decisions.
  • Remain fully responsible for all editorial processes and final decisions.

10. Editorial Oversight and Screening
EL DINAR utilizes automated screening software (such as Turnitin) to detect text similarity and potential AI-generated text. Automated flags will not serve as the sole basis for rejection; all flagged cases will undergo human evaluation by the Editorial Board before any decision is communicated to the authors.

11. Consequences of Non-Compliance
Failure to comply with this AI policy may result in:

  • Immediate rejection of the manuscript during desk review or peer review.
  • Formal retraction of the published article (if non-compliance is identified post-publication).
  • Notification sent to the authors' affiliated institutions in cases of deliberate misconduct.
  • A temporary or permanent submission ban for severe or repeated violations.

12. Appeals and Dispute Resolution
Authors wishing to appeal an editorial decision related to AI detection or policy enforcement may submit a written appeal to the Editor-in-Chief via email (eldinar@uin-malang.ac.id). The appeal must include detailed explanations, evidence, and raw research records for evaluation by the Editorial Board.

13. Policy Updates
As AI technologies rapidly evolve, EL DINAR will periodically review and update this policy to align with international publishing standards and COPE guidelines.

14. Ethical Framework and References
This policy is developed in compliance with international scholarly publishing guidelines, including:

  • COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) Position Statements on AI and Authorship
  • ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) Recommendations
  • WAME (World Association of Medical Editors) Recommendations on Chatbots and Generative AI
  • CSE (Council of Science Editors) Guidance on AI in Scholarly Publishing