Optimal Control and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in An Epidemic Model with Viral Mutation and Vaccine Intervention

Yudi Ari Adi, Nursyiva Irsalinda, Meksianis Z Ndii

Abstract


This paper introduces an optimal control problem in a two-strain SIR epidemic model with viral mutation and vaccine administration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of two disease prevention strategies, namely restriction of community mobility to prevent disease transmission and vaccine intervention. We consider the time-dependent control case, and we use Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to derive necessary conditions for the optimal control of the disease. We also calculate the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) and the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) to investigate the cost-effectiveness of all possible strategies of the control measures. The results of this study indicate that the most cost-effective disease control strategy is a combination of mobility restriction and vaccination.


Keywords


epidemic model; cost-effectiveness analysis; numerical simulation; optimal control; viral mutation

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/ca.v7i2.13184

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