Hybrid Financing Strategies for Financial Independence in Indonesian Public Universities: A Literature Review

Rihadini Triyoga, Nur Izzatul Yazidah, Sulaiman Sulaiman, Henny Silvana Korompis, Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman, Mukhamad Nurhadi

Abstract


The transformation of higher education financing has become an important issue in modern university management. Public universities face increasing challenges due to rising operational costs and limited public funding. This study aims to analyze financing strategies that can be developed by public universities to enhance financial autonomy. The research employs a literature review approach by examining studies related to university funding, revenue diversification, and university–industry collaboration. The results indicate that financing strategies include revenue diversification, entrepreneurial university development, asset optimization, and strengthening university–industry collaboration. The literature synthesis further reveals that universities with diversified funding structures, stronger institutional governance, and broader industry collaboration tend to demonstrate greater financial resilience and managerial flexibility. The integration of these strategies leads to a hybrid financing model that supports the financial sustainability and financial independence of universities. This study contributes by proposing an integrative hybrid financing model for public universities.

Keywords


Financial Independence, Higher Education Financing, Revenue Diversification, Entrepreneurial University, Endowment Funds, University-Industry Collaboration, Public Universities, Indonesia

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/abj.v11i2.42166

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