Classical and Colloquial Arabic in View of Commitment or Deviation from The Classical Poetic System/ الفصحى والعامية في ضوء الالتزام أو الخروج على عمود الشعر

Abstract

The aims of this research are to investigate classical Arabic as the normative foundation of Arabic poetic structure, and colloquial Arabic as a manifestation of deviation from classical usage, while revealing the influence of lexical complexity, archaism, and vulgarity on the formation of poetic discourse. The research adopted a critical analytical approach based on traditional rhetorical and linguistic ways, analysing poetic sayings to show the levels of phonological, syntactic, and semantic deviation. The research concluded that classical Arabic constituted the fundamental reference point for evaluating words within the classical poetic system, and that deviation from it is not solely due to linguistic structural flaws, but may also arise from syntactic complexity, phonetic dissonance, or the carrying of a word from classical usage to colloquial and vulgar one. In addition, colloquial Arabic represents a level of usage that does not necessarily imply linguistic weak points, unlike vulgarity, which has both evaluative and aesthetic dimensions. The research also concluded that deviating from established linguistic norms embodies a struggle between the authority of eloquence as a critical standard and the tendency towards transgression and creativity in poetic language.