Justification In Arabic Critical And Rhetorical Discourse Its Forms And Foundations/ التعليل في الخطاب النقدي والبلاغي العربي أشكاله وأصوله

Abstract

 

This study examines reasoning in Arabic critical and rhetorical discourse as a tool used by critics and rhetoricians in analyzing literary texts, interpreting critical and rhetorical judgments, and proving critical and rhetorical rules. Arab thought began to question the reasoning behind critical and rhetorical judgments and would not accept them unless accompanied by analysis and reasoning. For this reason, critics and rhetoricians used reasoning to strengthen judgments and instill them in the minds of recipients. Reasoning became a tool for verification and confirmation, because proving a judgment with reasoning is more certain in the mind than proving it without reasoning. The mind is more receptive to judgments accompanied by reasoning than those without reasoning. Reasoning contributes to the development of creative critical thinking in recipients by proposing and seeking reasons behind critical and rhetorical judgments. Reasoning among critics and rhetoricians takes many forms. Critical and rhetorical reasoning is influenced by reasoning in related disciplines such as theology, jurisprudence, and grammar. It is also influenced by the theological doctrines of critics and rhetoricians, particularly regarding the interpretation of religious texts and the issue of the impossibility of imitating the Quran.